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1:1 Visio Isaiae, filii Amos, quam vidit super Judam et Jerusalem, in diebus Oziae, Joathan, Achaz, et Ezechiae, regum Juda.
*H The vision of Isaias the Son of Amos, which he saw concerning Juda and Jerusalem in the days of Ozias, Joathan, Achaz, and Ezechias, kings of Juda.


Ver. 1. Amos. His name is written in a different manner, in Heb. from that of the third among the minor prophets, (W.) though S. Aug. has confounded them. — Ezechias. He wrote this title towards the end of his life, or it was added by Esdras, &c.

A.M. 3219, A.C. 785.
1:2 [Audite, caeli, et auribus percipe, terra, quoniam Dominus locutus est. Filios enutrivi, et exaltavi ; ipsi autem spreverunt me.
*H Hear, O ye heavens, and give ear, O earth, for the Lord hath spoken. I have brought up children, and exalted them: but they have despised me.


Ver. 2. Earth. He apostrophises these insensible things, (C.) because they contain all others, and are the most durable. Theod. Deut. xxxi. 1.

* Footnote * Osee 11 : 3 And I was like a foster father to Ephraim, I carried them in my arms: and they knew not that I healed them.
1:3 Cognovit bos possessorem suum, et asinus praesepe domini sui ; Israel autem me non cognovit, et populus meus non intellexit.
The ox knoweth his owner, and the ass his master's crib: but Israel hath not known me, and my people hath not understood.
1:4 Vae genti peccatrici, populo gravi iniquitate, semini nequam, filiis sceleratis ! dereliquerunt Dominum ; blasphemaverunt Sanctum Israel ; abalienati sunt retrorsum.
Woe to the sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity, a wicked seed, ungracious children: they have forsaken the Lord, they have blasphemed the Holy One of Israel, they are gone away backwards.
1:5 Super quo percutiam vos ultra, addentes praevaricationem ? omne caput languidum, et omne cor moerens.
*H For what shall I strike you any more, you that increase transgression? the whole head is sick, and the whole heart is sad.


Ver. 5-7. Sad. This was spoken after Ozias had given way to pride, when the Ammonites, &c. began to disturb Juda, (4 K. xv. 37. and 2 Par. xxvii. 7.) under Joathan, who was a good prince, but young. C. — Enemies. At the last siege, (S. Jer.) or rather when Jerusalem was taken by the Chaldees. C. — Many, from the highest to the lowest, had prevaricated: but God always preserved his Church. W.

1:6 A planta pedis usque ad verticem, non est in eo sanitas ; vulnus, et livor, et plaga tumens, non est circumligata, nec curata medicamine, neque fota oleo.
From the sole of the foot unto the top of the head, there is no soundness therein: wounds and bruises and swelling sores: they are not bound up, nor dressed, nor fomented with oil.
1:7 Terra vestra deserta ; civitates vestrae succensae igni : regionem vestram coram vobis alieni devorant, et desolabitur sicut in vastitate hostili.
Your land is desolate, your cities are burnt with fire: your country strangers devour before your face, and it shall be desolate as when wasted by enemies.
1:8 Et derelinquetur filia Sion ut umbraculum in vinea, et sicut tugurium in cucumerario, et sicut civitas quae vastatur.
*H And the daughter of Sion shall be left as a covert in a vineyard, and as a lodge in a garden of cucumbers, and as a city that is laid waste.


Ver. 8. Cucumbers. Or melons, which grew in the fields, and huts were erected for guards, till they were gathered.

1:9 Nisi Dominus exercituum reliquisset nobis semen, quasi Sodoma fuissemus, et quasi Gomorrha similes essemus.
Except the Lord of hosts had left us seed, we had been as Sodom, and we should have been like to Gomorrha.
* Footnote * Romans 9 : 29 And Isaias foretold: Unless the Lord of Sabbath had left us a seed, we had been made as Sodom and we had been like unto Gomorrha.
* Footnote ** Genesis 19 : 24 And the Lord rained upon Sodom and Gomorrha brimstone and fire from the Lord out of heaven.
1:10 Audite verbum Domini, principes Sodomorum ; percipite auribus legem Dei nostri, populus Gomorrhae.
*H Hear the word of the Lord, ye rulers of Sodom, give ear to the law of our God, ye people of Gomorrha.


Ver. 10. Sodom. Juda is so styled reproachfully, (C.) because the princes imitated the crimes of that devoted city. Ezec. xvi. 49. Inf. c. ii. 6. and iii. 9. M.

1:11 Quo mihi multitudinem victimarum vestrarum ? dicit Dominus. Plenus sum : holocausta arietum, et adipem pinguium, et sanguinem vitulorum et agnorum et hircorum, nolui.
*H To what purpose do you offer me the multitude of your victims, saith the Lord? I am full, I desire not holocausts of rams, and fat of fatlings, and blood of calves, and lambs, and buck goats.


Ver. 11. Victims. Without piety, they are useless. God tolerated bloody victims to withdraw the people from idolatry, but he often shewed that they were not of much importance, in order that they might be brought to offer the sacrifice of the new law, which eminently includes all the rest. S. Jer. Ps. xlix. 9. Am. v. 21. Jer. vi. 20. Theod.

* Footnote * Jeremias 6 : 20 To what purpose do you bring me frankincense from Saba, and the sweet smelling cane from a far country? your holocausts are not acceptable, nor are your sacrifices pleasing to me.
* Footnote * Amos 5 : 21 I hate, and have rejected your festivities: and I will not receive the odour of your assemblies.
1:12 Cum veniretis ante conspectum meum, quis quaesivit haec de manibus vestris, ut ambularetis in atriis meis ?
When you came to appear before me, who required these things at your hands, that you should walk in my courts?
1:13 Ne offeratis ultra sacrificium frustra : incensum abominatio est mihi. Neomeniam et sabbatum, et festivitates alias, non feram ; iniqui sunt coetus vestri.
Offer sacrifice no more in vain: incense is an abomination to me. The new moons, and the sabbaths and other festivals I will not abide, your assemblies are wicked.
1:14 Calendas vestras, et solemnitates vestras odivit anima mea : facta sunt mihi molesta ; laboravi sustinens.
*H My soul hateth your new moons, and your solemnities: they are become troublesome to me, I am weary of bearing them.


Ver. 14. Bearing. Heb. &c. "pardoning," (C.) or "bearing." Sept. "I will no longer pardon your sins." H.

1:15 Et cum extenderitis manus vestras, avertam oculos meos a vobis, et cum multiplicaveritis orationem, non exaudiam : manus enim vestrae sanguine plenae sunt.
And when you stretch forth your hands, I will turn away my eyes from you: and when you multiply prayer, I will not hear: for your hands are full of blood.
1:16 Lavamini, mundi estote ; auferte malum cogitationum vestrarum ab oculis meis : quiescite agere perverse,
*H Wash yourselves, be clean, take away the evil of your devices from my eyes, cease to do perversely,


Ver. 16. Wash. Interiorly. C. — He seems to allude to baptism. Eus. Theod.

* Footnote * 1_Peter 3 : 11 Let him decline from evil and do good: Let him seek after peace and pursue it:
1:17 discite benefacere ; quaerite judicium, subvenite oppresso, judicate pupillo, defendite viduam.]
Learn to do well: seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, judge for the fatherless, defend the widow.
1:18 [Et venite, et arguite me, dicit Dominus. Si fuerint peccata vestra ut coccinum, quasi nix dealbabuntur ; et si fuerint rubra quasi vermiculus, velut lana alba erunt.
*H And then come, and accuse me, saith the Lord: if your sins be as scarlet, they shall be made as white as snow: and if they be red as crimson, they shall be white as wool.


Ver. 18. Accuse me. If I punish you without cause.

1:19 Si volueritis, et audieritis me, bona terrae comeditis.
If you be willing, and will hearken to me, you shall eat the good things of the land.
1:20 Quod si nolueritis, et me ad iracundiam provocaveritis, gladius devorabit vos, quia os Domini locutum est.
But if you will not, and will provoke me to wrath: the sword shall devour you because the mouth of the Lord hath spoken it.
1:21 Quomodo facta est meretrix civitas fidelis, plena judicii ? justitia habitavit in ea, nunc autem homicidae.
How is the faithful city, that was full of judgment, become a harlot? justice dwelt in it, but now murderers.
1:22 Argentum tuum versum est in scoriam ; vinum tuum mistum est aqua.
*H Thy silver is turned into dross: thy wine is mingled with water.


Ver. 22. Water. There is no sincerity in commerce. C. — Teachers give false interpretations of the law. S. Jer. — Iniquity abounded before the destruction of Jerusalem by the Chaldees and Romans. W.

1:23 Principes tui infideles, socii furum. Omnes diligunt munera, sequuntur retributiones. Pupillo non judicant, et causa viduae non ingreditur ad illos.
Thy princes are faithless, companions of thieves: they all love bribes, they run after rewards. They judge not for the fatherless: and the widow's cause cometh not in to them.
* Footnote * Jeremias 5 : 28 They are grown gross and fat: and have most wickedly transgressed my words. They have not judged the cause of the widow, they have not managed the cause of the fatherless, and they have not judged the judgment of the poor.
1:24 Propter hoc ait Dominus, Deus exercituum, Fortis Israel : Heu ! consolabor super hostibus meis, et vindicabor de inimicis meis.
*H Therefore saith the Lord the God of hosts, the mighty one of Israel: Ah! I will comfort myself over my adversaries: and I will be revenged of my enemies.


Ver. 24. Ah! God punishes with regret. M. — Comfort. I will take complete vengeance under Joathan, (4 K. xv. 37.) Achaz, &c.

1:25 Et convertam manum meam ad te, et excoquam ad puram scoriam tuam, et auferam omne stannum tuum.
*H And I will turn my hand to thee, and I will clean purge away thy dross, and I will take away all thy tin.


Ver. 25. Tin. I will reform abuses in the reign of Ezechias, but much more by establishing the Church of Christ, which shall be the faithful city. C.

1:26 Et restituam judices tuos ut fuerunt prius, et consiliarios tuos sicut antiquitus ; post haec vocaberis civitas justi, urbs fidelis.
*H And I will restore thy judges as they were before, and thy counsellors as of old. After this thou shalt be called the city of the just, a faithful city.


Ver. 26. Judges. The Jews explain this of the judges, and priests, who governed after the captivity; though it refer rather to the apostles, &c. S. Jer. W.

1:27 Sion in judicio redimetur, et reducent eam in justitia.
Sion shall be redeemed in judgment, and they shall bring her back in justice.
1:28 Et conteret scelestos, et peccatores simul ; et qui dereliquerunt Dominum consumentur.
And he shall destroy the wicked, and the sinners together: and they that have forsaken the Lord, shall be consumed.
1:29 Confundentur enim ab idolis quibus sacrificaverunt, et erubescetis super hortis quos elegeratis,
*H For they shall be confounded for the idols, to which they have sacrificed: and you shall be ashamed of the gardens which you have chosen.


Ver. 29. Idols. Prot. "oaks, which ye have desired, and ye shall be confounded for the gardens," &c. H. — The groves were sacred to Venus, and the gardens to Adonis, and were scenes of the greatest immorality and profanation. C. lxv. 3.

1:30 cum fueritis velut quercus defluentibus foliis, et velut hortus absque aqua.
When you shall be as an oak with the leaves falling off, and as a garden without water.
1:31 Et erit fortitudo vestra ut favilla stuppae, et opus vestrum quasi scintilla, et succendetur utrumque simul, et non erit qui extinguat.]
*H And your strength shall be as the ashes of tow, and your work as a spark: and both shall burn together, and there shall be none to quench it.


Ver. 31. It. The efforts of Achan and Ezechias against the enemy proved in vain. C.

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