Click *H for Haydock Commentary. *Footnote for footnote etc.
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*H Praise in the way of a canticle, for David himself, on the day before the sabbath, when the earth was founded. THE Lord hath reigned, he is clothed with beauty: the Lord is clothed with strength, and hath girded himself. For he hath established the world which shall not be moved.
Ver. 1. Founded. Sept. "inhabited." This title occurs not in Heb. (Theodoret) nor are the copies of the Sept. uniform, which shews that it is a later insertion, intimating perhaps, that it was sung on Friday, when the works of creation were completed, (Bert.) and the world redeemed. W. — It seems to refer to the translation of the ark, (Muis. 1 Par. xvi. 30.) and the establishment of the Church, the house of God, though the universe may be so styled, (Bert.) or it speaks of the return from captivity, (Ven. Bede) as well as the preceding and following psalms. — Himself. As if to perform some great work, the liberation of his people from the captivity of Babylon, and of the devil, (C.) or to create the world. Bert. — Established. "Weighed." Houbig. — Moved, or disturbed in the order established by him. H. — This does not prove that the earth moves not on its own axis daily, and round the sun every year. Bert. — The Church shall not fail, (M.) which Christ has redeemed by his own blood, and with great power. In it He reigns, and will draw all to himself. Jo. xii. 31. W.
*H My throne is prepared from of old: thou art from everlasting.
Ver. 2. Of old. Lit. "that time," ex tunc, (W.) alluding to some distant period. Is. xvi. 13. C. — God's throne is established over creatures, as soon as they exist. H. — Yet he is eternal, (M.) as Christ is likewise. At his ascension, He placed his sacred humanity on the throne. C. — His kingdom, the Church, continues for ever. W.
*H The floods have lifted up, O Lord: the floods have lifted up their voice. The floods have lifted up their waves,
Ver. 3. Floods. The apostles, (Euseb. S. Aug.) or persecutors. W. — Waves. This sentence is not in the Rom. Sept. &c. C. — But it is in the Alex. and Aldine edit. Storms and tides fill all with awe and astonishment. C. — The motion of waters, when they were first confined to their channels, and the persecutions of the Church, and rebellions against God, are described. M.
*H With the noise of many waters. Wonderful are the surges of the sea: wonderful is the Lord on high.
Ver. 4. On high. In heaven, more to be admired than all the phenomena of nature, and more powerful than all the vast armies of the Babylonians. Is. xl. 15. C. — The conversion of many nations, (Apoc. xvii. 5.) is the work and glory of God, (H.) and his preserving the Church in the midst of the most violent attacks, shews his power. W.
*H Thy testimonies are become exceedingly credible: holiness becometh thy house, O Lord, unto length of days.
Ver. 5. Credible. S. Jer. "faithful." — Prot. "very sure." H. — A person must shut his eyes not to see the prophecies fulfilled concerning Christ, and his Church. Euseb. — The majesty of God should strike us with a holy fear, and teach us to observe his commandments, and to behave with the utmost respect in his house, (C.) which is the whole world, or the society of the faithful. Bert. — Articles of faith are perfectly credible to those whose hearts are moved by grace, (W.) though they cannot be understood. H. — All the members of the Church should carefully approve themselves to God, who is her spouse, (W.) and protector, (M.) to the end of the world. W. — Days. Since thy power and fidelity are so great, suffer not thy temple to be any longer in ruins, or profaned. C.
* Summa
*S Part 2, Ques 81, Article 5
[I-II, Q. 81, Art. 5]
Whether If Eve, and Not Adam, Had Sinned, Their Children Would Have Contracted Original Sin?
Objection 1: It would seem that if Eve, and not Adam, had sinned, their children would have contracted original sin. Because we contract original sin from our parents, in so far as we were once in them, according to the word of the Apostle (Rom. 5:12): "In whom all have sinned." Now a man pre-exists in his mother as well as in his father. Therefore a man would have contracted original sin from his mother's sin as well as from his father's.
Obj. 2: Further, if Eve, and not Adam, had sinned, their children would have been born liable to suffering and death, since it is "the mother" that "provides the matter in generation" as the Philosopher states (De Gener. Animal. ii, 1, 4), when death and liability to suffering are the necessary results of matter. Now liability to suffering and the necessity of dying are punishments of original sin. Therefore if Eve, and not Adam, had sinned, their children would contract original sin.
Obj. 3: Further, Damascene says (De Fide Orth. iii, 3) that "the Holy Ghost came upon the Virgin," (of whom Christ was to be born without original sin) "purifying her." But this purification would not have been necessary, if the infection of original sin were not contracted from the mother. Therefore the infection of original sin is contracted from the mother: so that if Eve had sinned, her children would have contracted original sin, even if Adam had not sinned.
_On the contrary,_ The Apostle says (Rom. 5:12): "By one man sin entered into this world." Now if the woman would have transmitted original sin to her children, he should have said that it entered by two, since both of them sinned, or rather that it entered by a woman, since she sinned first. Therefore original sin is transmitted to the children, not by the mother, but by the father.
_I answer that,_ The solution of this question is made clear by what has been said. For it has been stated (A. 1) that original sin is transmitted by the first parent in so far as he is the mover in the begetting of his children: wherefore it has been said (A. 4) that if anyone were begotten materially only, of human flesh, they would not contract original sin. Now it is evident that in the opinion of philosophers, the active principle of generation is from the father, while the mother provides the matter. Therefore original sin is contracted, not from the mother, but from the father: so that, accordingly, if Eve, and not Adam, had sinned, their children would not contract original sin: whereas, if Adam, and not Eve, had sinned, they would contract it.
Reply Obj. 1: The child pre-exists in its father as in its active principle, and in its mother, as in its material and passive principle. Consequently the comparison fails.
Reply Obj. 2: Some hold that if Eve, and not Adam, had sinned, their children would be immune from the sin, but would have been subject to the necessity of dying and to other forms of suffering that are a necessary result of the matter which is provided by the mother, not as punishments, but as actual defects. This, however, seems unreasonable. Because, as stated in the First Part (Q. 97, AA. 1, 2, ad 4), immortality and impassibility, in the original state, were a result, not of the condition of matter, but of original justice, whereby the body was subjected to the soul, so long as the soul remained subject to God. Now privation of original justice is original sin. If, therefore, supposing Adam had not sinned, original sin would not have been transmitted to posterity on account of Eve's sin; it is evident that the children would not have been deprived of original justice: and consequently they would not have been liable to suffer and subject to the necessity of dying.
Reply Obj. 3: This prevenient purification in the Blessed Virgin was not needed to hinder the transmission of original sin, but because it behooved the Mother of God "to shine with the greatest purity" [*Cf. Anselm, De Concep. Virg. xviii.]. For nothing is worthy to receive God unless it be pure, according to Ps. 92:5: "Holiness becometh Thy House, O Lord." ________________________