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1:1 Et factum est verbum Domini ad Jonam, filium Amathi, dicens :
* Footnotes
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A.M. circiter 3197, A.C. 807.
Now the word of the Lord came to Jonas, the son of Amathi, saying:
ΚΑΙ ἐγένετο λόγος Κυρίου πρὸς Ἰωνᾶν τὸν τοῦ Ἀμαθὶ, λέγων,
וַֽ/יְהִי֙ דְּבַר יְהוָ֔ה אֶל יוֹנָ֥ה בֶן אֲמִתַּ֖י לֵ/אמֹֽר
1:2 Surge, et vade in Niniven, civitatem grandem, et praedica in ea, quia ascendit malitia ejus coram me.
Arise and go to Ninive, the great city, and preach in it: For the wickedness thereof is come up before me.
ἀνάστηθι, καὶ πορεύθητι εἰς Νινευὴ τὴν πόλιν τὴν μεγάλην, καὶ κήρυξον ἐν αὐτῇ, ὅτι ἀνέβη ἡ κραυγὴ τῆς κακίας αὐτῆς πρὸς μέ.
ק֠וּם לֵ֧ךְ אֶל נִֽינְוֵ֛ה הָ/עִ֥יר הַ/גְּדוֹלָ֖ה וּ/קְרָ֣א עָלֶ֑י/הָ כִּֽי עָלְתָ֥ה רָעָתָ֖/ם לְ/פָנָֽ/י
1:3 Et surrexit Jonas, ut fugeret in Tharsis a facie Domini, et descendit in Joppen : et invenit navem euntem in Tharsis, et dedit naulum ejus, et descendit in eam ut iret cum eis in Tharsis a facie Domini.
*H And Jonas rose up to flee into Tharsis from the face of the Lord, and he went down to Joppe, and found a ship going to Tharsis: and he paid the fare thereof, and went down into it, to go with them to Tharsis from the face of the Lord,
Ver. 3. Tharsis. Which some take to be Tharsus of Cilicia, others to be Tartessus of Spain, others to be Carthage. Ch. — Joppe, now Jaffa, (M.) a miserable seaport. H. — It was formerly the best near Jerusalem, (2 Par. ii. 16.) though very dangerous. Jos. Bel. iii. 15. or 29. — It is said to have been built before "the inundation" of the world, (Mela. i. 11.) and was famous for the adventure of Andromeda, rescued by Perseus from a sea monster. Pliny v. 13. C. — Lord. He feared being accounted a false prophet, (W.) knowing how much God was inclined to shew mercy, (C. iv. 2.) and being disheartened at the difficulty of the undertaking, like Moses and Gedeon. C. — He might also think that if the Ninivites repented, it would be a reflection on the obstinacy of the Jews. S. Greg. Mor. vi. 13. S. Jer.
Καὶ ἀνέστη Ἰωνᾶς τοῦ φυγεῖν εἰς Θαρσὶς ἐκ προσώπου Κυρίου· καὶ κατέβη εἰς Ἰόππην, καὶ εὗρε πλοῖον βαδίζον εἰς Θαρσὶς, καὶ ἔδωκε τὸ ναῦλον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἀνέβη εἰς αὐτὸ, τοῦ πλεῦσαι μετʼ αὐτῶν εἰς Θαρσὶς ἐκ προσώπου Κυρίου.
וַ/יָּ֤קָם יוֹנָה֙ לִ/בְרֹ֣חַ תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁ/ה מִ/לִּ/פְנֵ֖י יְהוָ֑ה וַ/יֵּ֨רֶד יָפ֜וֹ וַ/יִּמְצָ֥א אָנִיָּ֣ה בָּאָ֣ה תַרְשִׁ֗ישׁ וַ/יִּתֵּ֨ן שְׂכָרָ֜/הּ וַ/יֵּ֤רֶד בָּ/הּ֙ לָ/ב֤וֹא עִמָּ/הֶם֙ תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁ/ה מִ/לִּ/פְנֵ֖י יְהוָֽה
1:4 Dominus autem misit ventum magnum in mare : et facta est tempestas magna in mari, et navis periclitabatur conteri.
*H But the Lord sent a great wind to the sea: and a great tempest was raised in the sea, and the ship was in danger to be broken.
Ver. 4. Broken. Seeing no natural cause of such a sudden tempest, they concluded (W.) that some on board must be guilty; as the sailors argued (H.) when the noted atheist, Diagoras, was in similar circumstances. C. — They had recourse to lots, and the prophet consented by God's inspiration, (W.) though this is not written, (H.) and the lots were superstitious. M. — The oriental writers add many things to this sufficiently marvellous account. Lyran. D'Herbelot. C.
Καὶ Κύριος ἐξήγειρε πνεῦμα ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν, καὶ ἐγένετο κλύδων μέγας ἐν τῇ θαλάσσῃ, καὶ τὸ πλοῖον ἐκινδύνευε τοῦ συντριβῆναι.
וַֽ/יהוָ֗ה הֵטִ֤יל רֽוּחַ גְּדוֹלָה֙ אֶל הַ/יָּ֔ם וַ/יְהִ֥י סַֽעַר גָּד֖וֹל בַּ/יָּ֑ם וְ/הָ֣/אֳנִיָּ֔ה חִשְּׁבָ֖ה לְ/הִשָּׁבֵֽר
1:5 Et timuerunt nautae, et clamaverunt viri ad deum suum, et miserunt vasa quae erant in navi, in mare, ut alleviaretur ab eis ; et Jonas descendit ad interiora navis, et dormiebat sopore gravi.
*H And the mariners were afraid, and the men cried to their god: and they cast forth the wares that were in the ship, into the sea, to lighten it of them: and Jonas went down into the inner part of the ship, and fell into a deep sleep.
Ver. 5. God. They were idolaters. v. 6. — Wares, which is commonly done in storms. C. — This loss was in punishment of their sins; though they seem not devoid of some fear of God and man. H. — Sleep. This is a lively image of the insensibility of sinners, fleeing from God, and threatened on every side with his judgments; and yet sleeping as if they were secure. Ch. — Yet Jonas was sleeping through grief. S. Jer. Mat. xxvi. 40. C.
Καὶ ἐφοβήθησαν οἱ ναυτικοὶ, καὶ ἀνεβόησαν ἕκαστος πρὸς τὸν θεὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐκβολὴν ἐποιήσαντο τῶν σκευῶν τῶν ἐν τῷ πλοίῳ εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν, τοῦ κουφισθῆναι ἀπʼ αὐτῶν· Ἰωνᾶς δὲ κατέβη εἰς τὴν κοίλην τοῦ πλοίου, καὶ ἐκάθευδε, καὶ ἔρεγχε.
וַ/יִּֽירְא֣וּ הַ/מַּלָּחִ֗ים וַֽ/יִּזְעֲקוּ֮ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל אֱלֹהָי/ו֒ וַ/יָּטִ֨לוּ אֶת הַ/כֵּלִ֜ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר בָּֽ/אֳנִיָּה֙ אֶל הַ/יָּ֔ם לְ/הָקֵ֖ל מֵֽ/עֲלֵי/הֶ֑ם וְ/יוֹנָ֗ה יָרַד֙ אֶל יַרְכְּתֵ֣י הַ/סְּפִינָ֔ה וַ/יִּשְׁכַּ֖ב וַ/יֵּרָדַֽם
1:6 Et accessit ad eum gubernator, et dixit ei : Quid tu sopore deprimeris ? surge, invoca Deum tuum, si forte recogitet Deus de nobis, et non pereamus.
And the ship master came to him and said to him: Why art thou fast asleep? rise up call upon thy God, if so be that God will think of us that we may not perish.
Καὶ προσῆλθε πρὸς αὐτὸν ὁ πρωρεὺς, καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ, τί σὺ ῥέγχεις; ἀνάστα, καὶ ἐπικαλοῦ τὸν Θεόν σου, ὅπως διασώσῃ ὁ Θεὸς ἡμᾶς, καὶ οὐ μὴ ἀπολώμεθα.
וַ/יִּקְרַ֤ב אֵלָי/ו֙ רַ֣ב הַ/חֹבֵ֔ל וַ/יֹּ֥אמֶר ל֖/וֹ מַה לְּ/ךָ֣ נִרְדָּ֑ם ק֚וּם קְרָ֣א אֶל אֱלֹהֶ֔י/ךָ אוּלַ֞י יִתְעַשֵּׁ֧ת הָ/אֱלֹהִ֛ים לָ֖/נוּ וְ/לֹ֥א נֹאבֵֽד
1:7 Et dixit vir ad collegam suum : Venite et mittamus sortes, et sciamus quare hoc malum sit nobis. Et miserunt sortes, et cecidit sors super Jonam.
And they said every one to his fellow: Come and let us cast lots, that we may know why this evil is upon us. And they cast lots, and the lot fell upon Jonas.
Καὶ εἶπεν ἕκαστος πρὸς τὸν πλησίον αὐτοῦ, δεῦτε βάλωμεν κλήρους, καὶ ἐπιγνῶμεν, τίνος ἕνεκεν ἡ κακία αὕτη ἐστὶν ἐν ἡμῖν· καὶ ἔβαλον κλήρους, καὶ ἔπεσεν ὁ κλῆρος ἐπὶ Ἰωνᾶν.
וַ/יֹּאמְר֞וּ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל רֵעֵ֗/הוּ לְכוּ֙ וְ/נַפִּ֣ילָה גֽוֹרָל֔וֹת וְ/נֵ֣דְעָ֔ה בְּ/שֶׁ/לְּ/מִ֛י הָ/רָעָ֥ה הַ/זֹּ֖את לָ֑/נוּ וַ/יַּפִּ֨לוּ֙ גּֽוֹרָל֔וֹת וַ/יִּפֹּ֥ל הַ/גּוֹרָ֖ל עַל יוֹנָֽה
1:8 Et dixerunt ad eum : Indica nobis cujus causa malum istud sit nobis : quod est opus tuum ? quae terra tua, et quo vadis ? vel ex quo populo es tu ?
And they said to him: Tell us for what cause this evil is upon us, what is thy business? of what country art thou? and whither goest thou? or of what people art thou?
Καὶ εἶπον πρὸς αὐτὸν, ἀπάγγειλον ἡμῖν, τίς σου ἡ ἐργασία ἐστὶ, καὶ πόθεν ἔρχῃ, καὶ ἐκ ποίας χώρας, καὶ ἐκ ποίου λαοῦ εἶ σύ;
וַ/יֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלָ֔י/ו הַגִּידָ/ה נָּ֣א לָ֔/נוּ בַּ/אֲשֶׁ֛ר לְ/מִי הָ/רָעָ֥ה הַ/זֹּ֖את לָ֑/נוּ מַה מְּלַאכְתְּ/ךָ֙ וּ/מֵ/אַ֣יִן תָּב֔וֹא מָ֣ה אַרְצֶ֔/ךָ וְ/אֵֽי מִ/זֶּ֥ה עַ֖ם אָֽתָּה
1:9 Et dixit ad eos : Hebraeus ego sum, et Dominum Deum caeli ego timeo, qui fecit mare et aridam.
*H And he said to them: I am a Hebrew, and I fear the Lord, and the God of heaven, who made both the sea and the dry land.
Ver. 9. Fear, and therefore fly from the face of the Lord. v. 3, 10. H. — He knew that God is every where, v. 3. Ps. cxxxiii. 8. C. — Sept. "I worship." Fear is often taken in this sense. H.
Καὶ εἶπε πρὸς αὐτοὺς, δοῦλος Κυρίου εἰμὶ ἐγὼ, καὶ τὸν Κύριον Θεὸν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἐγὼ σέβομαι, ὃς ἐποίησε τὴν θάλασσαν καὶ τὴν ξηράν.
וַ/יֹּ֥אמֶר אֲלֵי/הֶ֖ם עִבְרִ֣י אָנֹ֑כִי וְ/אֶת יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י הַ/שָּׁמַ֨יִם֙ אֲנִ֣י יָרֵ֔א אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂ֥ה אֶת הַ/יָּ֖ם וְ/אֶת הַ/יַּבָּשָֽׁה
1:10 Et timuerunt viri timore magno, et dixerunt ad eum : Quid hoc fecisti ? cognoverunt enim viri quod a facie Domini fugeret, quia indicaverat eis.
And the men were greatly afraid, and they said to him: Why hast thou done this? (For the men knew that he fled from the face of the Lord: because he had told them.)
Καὶ ἐφοβήθησαν οἱ ἄνδρες φόβον μέγαν, καὶ εἶπον πρὸς αὐτὸν, τί τοῦτο ἐποίησας; διότι ἔγνωσαν οἱ ἄνδρες ὅτι ἐκ προσώπου Κυρίου ἦν φεύγων, ὅτι ἀπήγγειλεν αὐτοῖς·
וַ/יִּֽירְא֤וּ הָֽ/אֲנָשִׁים֙ יִרְאָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה וַ/יֹּאמְר֥וּ אֵלָ֖י/ו מַה זֹּ֣את עָשִׂ֑יתָ כִּֽי יָדְע֣וּ הָ/אֲנָשִׁ֗ים כִּֽי מִ/לִּ/פְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ ה֣וּא בֹרֵ֔חַ כִּ֥י הִגִּ֖יד לָ/הֶֽם
1:11 Et dixerunt ad eum : Quid faciemus tibi, et cessabit mare a nobis ? quia mare ibat, et intumescebat.
And they said to him: What shall we do with thee, that the sea may be calm to us? for the sea flowed and swelled.
καὶ εἶπον πρὸς αὐτὸν, τί ποιήσομέν σοι, καὶ κοπάσει ἡ θάλασσα ἀφʼ ἡμῶν; ὅτι ἡ θάλασσα ἐπορεύετο καὶ ἐξήγειρε μᾶλλον κλύδωνα.
וַ/יֹּאמְר֤וּ אֵלָי/ו֙ מַה נַּ֣עֲשֶׂה לָּ֔/ךְ וְ/יִשְׁתֹּ֥ק הַ/יָּ֖ם מֵֽ/עָלֵ֑י/נוּ כִּ֥י הַ/יָּ֖ם הוֹלֵ֥ךְ וְ/סֹעֵֽר
1:12 Et dixit ad eos : Tollite me, et mittite in mare, et cessabit mare a vobis : scio enim ego quoniam propter me tempestas haec grandis venit super vos.
*H And he said to them: take me up, and cast me into the sea, and the sea shall be calm to you: for I know for my sake this great tempest is upon you.
Ver. 12. Cast me. God intimates that he required this sacrifice. M.
Καὶ εἶπεν Ἰωνᾶς πρὸς αὐτοὺς, ἄρατέ με, καὶ ἐμβάλετέ με εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν, καὶ κοπάσει ἡ θάλασσα ἀφʼ ὑμῶν· διότι ἔγνωκα ἐγὼ, ὅτι διʼ ἐμὲ ὁ κλύδων ὁ μέγας οὗτος ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς ἐστι.
וַ/יֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵי/הֶ֗ם שָׂא֨וּ/נִי֙ וַ/הֲטִילֻ֣/נִי אֶל הַ/יָּ֔ם וְ/יִשְׁתֹּ֥ק הַ/יָּ֖ם מֵֽ/עֲלֵי/כֶ֑ם כִּ֚י יוֹדֵ֣עַ אָ֔נִי כִּ֣י בְ/שֶׁ/לִּ֔/י הַ/סַּ֧עַר הַ/גָּד֛וֹל הַ/זֶּ֖ה עֲלֵי/כֶֽם
1:13 Et remigabant viri ut reverterentur ad aridam, et non valebant, quia mare ibat, et intumescebat super eos.
*H And the men rowed hard to return the land, but they were not able: because the sea tossed and swelled upon them.
Ver. 13. Hard. They were unwilling to destroy the prophet, (C.) fearing to incur fresh guilt by thus treating one who had intrusted his life to them. Jos. Ant. ix. 11.
Καὶ παρεβιάζοντο οἱ ἄνδρες τοῦ ἐπιστρέψαι πρὸς τὴν γῆν, καὶ οὐκ ἠδύναντο, ὅτι ἡ θάλασσα ἐπορεύετο, καὶ ἐξηγείρετο μᾶλλον ἐπʼ αὐτούς.
וַ/יַּחְתְּר֣וּ הָ/אֲנָשִׁ֗ים לְ/הָשִׁ֛יב אֶל הַ/יַּבָּשָׁ֖ה וְ/לֹ֣א יָכֹ֑לוּ כִּ֣י הַ/יָּ֔ם הוֹלֵ֥ךְ וְ/סֹעֵ֖ר עֲלֵי/הֶֽם
1:14 Et clamaverunt ad Dominum, et dixerunt : Quaesumus, Domine, ne pereamus in anima viri istius, et ne des super nos sanguinem innocentem : quia tu, Domine, sicut voluisti, fecisti.
*H And they cried to the Lord, and said: We beseech thee, O Lord let us not perish for this man's life, and lay not upon us innocent blood: for thou, oh Lord, hast done as it pleased thee.
Ver. 14. Blood. We act thus by his direction, and through necessity.
Καὶ ἀνεβόησαν πρὸς Κύριον, καὶ εἶπαν, μηδαμῶς Κύριε· μὴ ἀπολώμεθα ἕνεκεν τῆς ψυχῆς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου τούτου, καὶ μὴ δῷς ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς αἷμα δίκαιον, διότι σὺ Κύριε, ὃν τρόπον ἐβούλου, πεποίηκας.
וַ/יִּקְרְא֨וּ אֶל יְהוָ֜ה וַ/יֹּאמְר֗וּ אָנָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ אַל נָ֣א נֹאבְדָ֗ה בְּ/נֶ֨פֶשׁ֙ הָ/אִ֣ישׁ הַ/זֶּ֔ה וְ/אַל תִּתֵּ֥ן עָלֵ֖י/נוּ דָּ֣ם נָקִ֑יא כִּֽי אַתָּ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה כַּ/אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָפַ֖צְתָּ עָשִֽׂיתָ
1:15 Et tulerunt Jonam, et miserunt in mare : et stetit mare a fervore suo.
And they took Jonas, and cast him into the sea, and the sea ceased from raging.
Καὶ ἔλαβον τὸν Ἰωνᾶν, καὶ ἐξέβαλον αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν, καὶ ἔστη ἡ θάλασσα ἐκ τοῦ σάλου αὐτῆς.
וַ/יִּשְׂאוּ֙ אֶת יוֹנָ֔ה וַ/יְטִלֻ֖/הוּ אֶל הַ/יָּ֑ם וַ/יַּעֲמֹ֥ד הַ/יָּ֖ם מִ/זַּעְפּֽ/וֹ
1:16 Et timuerunt viri timore magno Dominum : et immolaverunt hostias Domino, et voverunt vota.
*H And the men feared the Lord exceedingly, and sacrificed victims to the Lord, and made vows.
Ver. 16. Lord. They were converted by this prodigy, and offered sacrifice immediately, or (C.) when they came to port. M. — All know by the light of reason that sacrifice and vows are acceptable to the Lord. W.
Καὶ ἐφοβήθησαν οἱ ἄνδρες φόβῳ μεγάλῳ τὸν Κύριον, καὶ ἔθυσαν θυσίαν τῷ Κυρίῳ, καὶ ηὔξαντο τὰς εὐχάς.
וַ/יִּֽירְא֧וּ הָ/אֲנָשִׁ֛ים יִרְאָ֥ה גְדוֹלָ֖ה אֶת יְהוָ֑ה וַ/יִּֽזְבְּחוּ זֶ֨בַח֙ לַֽ/יהוָ֔ה וַֽ/יִּדְּר֖וּ נְדָרִֽים