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1:1 Et rex David senuerat, habebatque aetatis plurimos dies : cumque operiretur vestibus, non calefiebat.
* Footnotes
*H Now king David was old, and advanced in years: and when he was covered with clothes he was not warm.
Ver. 1. Years; sixty-nine, as he died when he was seventy years old. C. 2 K. v. 4. — Warm. Though David was of a strong constitution, he had been so much exposed to fatigue, and so harassed with domestic broils, that his vigour was nearly decayed. C. — The Rabbins say, that the sight of the angel had greatly contributed to weaken him. Lyran, and others, suppose that he was affected with the palsy. Abul. Salien, A. 3019.
ΚΑΙ ὁ βασιλεὺς Δαυὶδ πρεσβύτερος προβεβηκὼς ἡμέραις, καὶ περιέβαλλον αὐτὸν ἱματίοις, καὶ οὐκ ἐθερμαίνετο.
וְ/הַ/מֶּ֤לֶךְ דָּוִד֙ זָקֵ֔ן בָּ֖א בַּ/יָּמִ֑ים וַ/יְכַסֻּ֨/הוּ֙ בַּ/בְּגָדִ֔ים וְ/לֹ֥א יִחַ֖ם לֽ/וֹ
1:2 Dixerunt ergo ei servi sui : Quaeramus domino nostro regi adolescentulam virginem, et stet coram rege, et foveat eum, dormiatque in sinu suo, et calefaciat dominum nostrum regem.
*H His servants therefore, said to him: Let us seek for our Lord the king, a young virgin, and let her stand before the king, and cherish him, and sleep in his bosom and warm our lord the king.
Ver. 2. Servants. Physicians. Josep. vii. 14. — People of the faculty still adopt the same sentiments; and when fire and clothes will not procure heat, they advise the application of living creatures. Bartholin ix. Galen vii. Vales. Philos. c. 19.
Καὶ εἶπον οἱ παῖδες αὐτοῦ, ζητησάτωσαν τῷ βασιλεῖ παρθένον νεάνιδα, καὶ παραστήσεται τῷ βασιλεῖ, καὶ ἔσται αὐτὸν θάλπουσα, καὶ κοιμηθήσεται μετʼ αὐτοῦ, καὶ θερμανθήσεται ὁ κύριός μου ὁ βασιλεύς.
וַ/יֹּ֧אמְרוּ ל֣/וֹ עֲבָדָ֗י/ו יְבַקְשׁ֞וּ לַ/אדֹנִ֤/י הַ/מֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ נַעֲרָ֣ה בְתוּלָ֔ה וְ/עָֽמְדָה֙ לִ/פְנֵ֣י הַ/מֶּ֔לֶךְ וּ/תְהִי ל֖/וֹ סֹכֶ֑נֶת וְ/שָׁכְבָ֣ה בְ/חֵיקֶ֔/ךָ וְ/חַ֖ם לַ/אדֹנִ֥/י הַ/מֶּֽלֶךְ
1:3 Quaesierunt igitur adolescentulam speciosam in omnibus finibus Israel, et invenerunt Abisag Sunamitidem, et adduxerunt eam ad regem.
*H So they sought a beautiful young woman, in all the coasts of Israel and they found Abisag, a Sunamitess, and brought her to the king.
Ver. 3. Sunamitess. Sunam was not far from Thabor, in the tribe of Issachar. C. — This history leads us to explain the ambition and death of Adonias. H.
Καὶ ἐζήτησαν νεάνιδα καλὴν ἐκ παντὸς ὁρίου Ἰσραήλ· καὶ εὗρον τὴν Ἀβισὰγ τὴν Σωμανίτιν, καὶ ἤνεγκαν αὐτὴν πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα.
וַ/יְבַקְשׁוּ֙ נַעֲרָ֣ה יָפָ֔ה בְּ/כֹ֖ל גְּב֣וּל יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַֽ/יִּמְצְא֗וּ אֶת אֲבִישַׁג֙ הַ/שּׁ֣וּנַמִּ֔ית וַ/יָּבִ֥אוּ אֹתָ֖/הּ לַ/מֶּֽלֶךְ
1:4 Erat autem puella pulchra nimis, dormiebatque cum rege, et ministrabat ei : rex vero non cognovit eam.
*H And the damsel was exceedingly beautiful, and she slept with the king, and served him, but the king did not know her.
Ver. 4. Her. Which shews the virtue and temperance of David. M. — She was his wife, at least of a secondary order. Adonias flattered himself, on account of Abisag's virginity, that the law did not hinder him from marrying her; (Lev. xviii. 8. Kimchi) or he was blinded by ambition. C. — Heretics and persecutors thus attempt in vain, (H.) to defile the Church, the chaste spouse of Jesus, that they may usurp his throne. C.
Καὶ ἡ νεᾶνις καλὴ ἕως σφόδρα· καὶ ἦν θάλπουσα τὸν βασιλέα, καὶ ἐλειτούργει αὐτῷ· καὶ ὁ βασιλεὺς οὐκ ἔγνω αὐτήν.
וְ/הַֽ/נַּעֲרָ֖ה יָפָ֣ה עַד מְאֹ֑ד וַ/תְּהִ֨י לַ/מֶּ֤לֶךְ סֹכֶ֨נֶת֙ וַ/תְּשָׁ֣רְתֵ֔/הוּ וְ/הַ/מֶּ֖לֶךְ לֹ֥א יְדָעָֽ/הּ
1:5 Adonias autem filius Haggith elevabatur, dicens : Ego regnabo. Fecitque sibi currus et equites, et quinquaginta viros qui currerent ante eum.
*H And Adonias, the son of Haggith, exalted himself, saying: I will be king. And he made himself chariots and horsemen, and fifty men to run before him.
Ver. 5. Him. He was not deterred by the fate of Absalom. H. — He was now the eldest son, and gave himself out for the presumptive heir. C. — David is blamed for some remissness, in not repressing him; (Salien) as his conduct tended to excite confusion, and to frustrate the appointment of God. But the king was convinced that nothing would be able to disturb that order; and he would take measures, in due time, to curb the ambition of his eldest son, from which, as yet, he apprehended no danger. H. — Old age renders people slow. M.
Καὶ Ἀδωνίας υἱὸς Ἀγγὶθ ἐπῄρετο, λέγων, ἐγὼ βασιλεύσω· καὶ ἐποίησεν ἑαυτῷ ἅρματα καὶ ἱππεῖς, καὶ πεντήκοντα ἄνδρας παρατρέχειν ἔμπροσθεν αὐτοῦ.
וַ/אֲדֹנִיָּ֧ה בֶן חַגִּ֛ית מִתְנַשֵּׂ֥א לֵ/אמֹ֖ר אֲנִ֣י אֶמְלֹ֑ךְ וַ/יַּ֣עַשׂ ל֗/וֹ רֶ֚כֶב וּ/פָ֣רָשִׁ֔ים וַ/חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים אִ֖ישׁ רָצִ֥ים לְ/פָנָֽי/ו
1:6 Nec corripuit eum pater suus aliquando, dicens : Quare hoc fecisti ? Erat autem et ipse pulcher valde, secundus natu post Absalom.
* Footnotes
Neither did his father rebuke him at any time, saying: Why hast thou done this? And he also was very beautiful, the next in birth after Absalom.
Καὶ οὐκ ἀπεκώλυσεν αὐτὸν ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ οὐδέποτε, λέγων, διατί σὺ ἐποίησας; καὶ γε αὐτὸς ὡραῖος τῇ ὄψει σφόδρα, καὶ αὐτὸν ἔτεκεν ὀπίσω Ἀβεσσαλώμ.
וְ/לֹֽא עֲצָב֨/וֹ אָבִ֤י/ו מִ/יָּמָי/ו֙ לֵ/אמֹ֔ר מַדּ֖וּעַ כָּ֣כָה עָשִׂ֑יתָ וְ/גַם ה֤וּא טֽוֹב תֹּ֨אַר֙ מְאֹ֔ד וְ/אֹת֥/וֹ יָלְדָ֖ה אַחֲרֵ֥י אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם
1:7 Et sermo ei cum Joab filio Sarviae, et cum Abiathar sacerdote, qui adjuvabant partes Adoniae.
*H And he conferred with Joab, the son of Sarvia, and with Abiathar, the priest, who furthered Adonias's side.
Ver. 7. Side. For their own interest, and because they supposed that the throne belonged of course to him. M. — This was the natural privilege, when no other disposition was made by God, or by the kings who succeeded David. They did not esteem themselves bound to leave the crown to their eldest sons. Hitherto God had made choice himself, as he had required. Deut. xvii. 15. In favour of David, he pleased to grant sovereignty to his descendants. But the king expected to declare which he preferred, in case he chose to deviate from the natural order, v. 20.
Καὶ ἐγένοντο οἱ λόγοι αὐτοῦ μετὰ Ἰωὰβ τοῦ υἱοῦ Σαρουίας, καὶ μετὰ Ἀβιάθαρ τοῦ ἱερέως, καὶ ἐβοήθουν ὀπίσω Ἀδωνίου.
וַ/יִּהְי֣וּ דְבָרָ֔י/ו עִ֚ם יוֹאָ֣ב בֶּן צְרוּיָ֔ה וְ/עִ֖ם אֶבְיָתָ֣ר הַ/כֹּהֵ֑ן וַֽ/יַּעְזְר֔וּ אַחֲרֵ֖י אֲדֹנִיָּֽה
1:8 Sadoc vero sacerdos, et Banaias filius Jojadae, et Nathan propheta, et Semei et Rei, et robur exercitus David, non erat cum Adonia.
*H But Sadoc, the priest, and Banaias, the son of Joiada, and Nathan, the prophet, and Semei, and Rei, and the strength of David's army, was not with Adonias.
Ver. 8. Sadoc, the rival of Abiathar, and a descendant of Eleazar. David had permitted both to perform the functions of the high priesthood; (C.) or one had acted as the delegate of the other. Salien. — Banaias was distinguished for his valour, 2 K. xxiii. 20. He was in the flower of his age, and, perhaps, aspired at the authority of Joab, whose credit began to decline; as he was grown old, and was known to be rather disagreeable to David, and had been guilty of such horrid murders. Both the contending princes sought to ingratiate themselves with the army and with the priests, as their influence was of the utmost consequence. Solomon was more fortunate, in having also Nathan the prophet on his side; but the throne was secured to him much more on account of the divine decree, 2 K. vii. 12. and xii. 25. H. — Nathan is commonly considered as the tutor of the young prince, (M.) and was styled his "father." C. — Semei, or Nabath, father of Jeroboam; and Rei, or Ira, who is styled the priest of David, 2 K. xx. 26. S. Jer. Tradit. M. — To confound Semei with Nabath is wrong. Salien. — Army; the king's guard consisting chiefly of the Cerethi, &c. (C.) who were under Banaias. The whole army, over which Joab was general, was not always in arms. Sept. "Semei and Resi, other copies read (H.) his friends," (with Syr. Arab.) "and Daia, heroes of David." Heb. may be, "neither the hearers nor the seers, nor the brave men of David were with Adonias." The populace, or the disciples, as well as the prophets, may be thus denoted.
Καὶ Σαδὼκ ὁ ἱερεὺς, καὶ Βαναίας υἱὸς Ἰωδαὲ, καὶ Νάθαν ὁ προφήτης, καὶ Σεμεῒ, καὶ Ῥησὶ, καὶ υἱοὶ δυνατοὶ τοῦ Δαυὶδ, οὐκ ἦσαν ὀπίσω Ἀδωνίου.
וְ/צָד֣וֹק הַ֠/כֹּהֵן וּ/בְנָיָ֨הוּ בֶן יְהוֹיָדָ֜ע וְ/נָתָ֤ן הַ/נָּבִיא֙ וְ/שִׁמְעִ֣י וְ/רֵעִ֔י וְ/הַ/גִּבּוֹרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְ/דָוִ֑ד לֹ֥א הָי֖וּ עִם אֲדֹנִיָּֽהוּ
1:9 Immolatis ergo Adonias arietibus et vitulis, et universis pinguibus, juxta lapidem Zoheleth, qui erat vicinus fonti Rogel, vocavit universos fratres suos filios regis, et omnes viros Juda servos regis.
*H And Adonias having slain rams and calves, and all fat cattle, by the stone of Zoheleth, which was near the fountain Rogel, invited all his brethren, the king's sons, and all the men of Juda, the king's servants:
Ver. 9. Slain. Either for sacrifice, or simply for a feast; (C.) though it is probable that victims of peace would be offered, as on similar occasions, on which the guests would afterwards feast. 1 K. xi. H. — Rogel, east of Jerusalem, in the vale of Josaphat. M.
Καὶ ἐθυσίασεν Ἀδωνίας πρόβατα καὶ μόσχους καὶ ἄρνας μετὰ αἰθῆ τοῦ Ζωελεθὶ, ὃς ἦν ἐχόμενα τῆς Ῥωγήλ· καὶ ἐκάλεσε πάντας τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς αὐτοῦ, καὶ πάντας τοὺς ἁδροὺς Ἰούδα παῖδας τοῦ βασιλέως.
וַ/יִּזְבַּ֣ח אֲדֹנִיָּ֗הוּ צֹ֤אן וּ/בָקָר֙ וּ/מְרִ֔יא עִ֚ם אֶ֣בֶן הַזֹּחֶ֔לֶת אֲשֶׁר אֵ֖צֶל עֵ֣ין רֹגֵ֑ל וַ/יִּקְרָ֗א אֶת כָּל אֶחָי/ו֙ בְּנֵ֣י הַ/מֶּ֔לֶךְ וּ/לְ/כָל אַנְשֵׁ֥י יְהוּדָ֖ה עַבְדֵ֥י הַ/מֶּֽלֶךְ
1:10 Nathan autem prophetam, et Banaiam, et robustos quosque, et Salomonem fratrem suum non vocavit.
*H But Nathan, the prophet, and Banaias, and all the valiant men, and Solomon, his brother, he invited not.
Ver. 10. Not. Out of contempt, (C.) and because he knew that they would oppose his measures. H.
Καὶ Νάθαν τὸν προφήτην, καὶ Βαναίαν, καὶ τοὺς δυνατοὺς, καὶ τὸν Σαλωμὼν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ, οὐκ ἐκάλεσε.
וְֽ/אֶת נָתָן֩ הַ/נָּבִ֨יא וּ/בְנָיָ֜הוּ וְ/אֶת הַ/גִּבּוֹרִ֛ים וְ/אֶת שְׁלֹמֹ֥ה אָחִ֖י/ו לֹ֥א קָרָֽא
1:11 Dixit itaque Nathan ad Bethsabee matrem Salomonis : Num audisti quod regnaverit Adonias filius Haggith, et dominus noster David hoc ignorat ?
*H And Nathan said to Bethsabee, the mother of Solomon: Hast thou not heard that Adonias, the son of Haggith, reigneth, and our lord David knoweth it not?
Ver. 11. It not. So that we may safely endeavour to overturn his plans. M.
Καὶ εἶπε Νάθαν πρὸς Βηρσαβεὲ μητέρα Σαλωμὼν, λέγων, οὐκ ἤκουσας ὅτι ἐβασίλευσεν Ἀδωνίας υἱὸς Ἀγγὶθ, καὶ ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν Δαυὶδ οὐκ ἔγνω;
וַ/יֹּ֣אמֶר נָתָ֗ן אֶל בַּת שֶׁ֤בַע אֵם שְׁלֹמֹה֙ לֵ/אמֹ֔ר הֲ/ל֣וֹא שָׁמַ֔עַתְּ כִּ֥י מָלַ֖ךְ אֲדֹנִיָּ֣הוּ בֶן חַגִּ֑ית וַ/אֲדֹנֵ֥י/נוּ דָוִ֖ד לֹ֥א יָדָֽע
1:12 Nunc ergo veni, accipe consilium a me, et salva animam tuam, filiique tui Salomonis.
*H Now then, come, take my counsel, and save thy life, and the life of thy son Solomon.
Ver. 12. Life. Both would have been in imminent danger, if the ambitious projects of Adonias succeeded, as he knew that the throne had been promised to Solomon by his father, and he would consider him as a dangerous rival. C. — The Turkish emperors usually destroy or confine their brethren, when they commence their reign. H.
Καὶ νῦν δεῦρο, συμβουλεύσω σοι δὴ συμβουλίαν, καὶ ἐξελοῦ τὴν ψυχήν σου, καὶ τὴν ψυχὴν τοῦ υἱοῦ σου Σαλωμών.
וְ/עַתָּ֕ה לְכִ֛י אִיעָצֵ֥/ךְ נָ֖א עֵצָ֑ה וּ/מַלְּטִי֙ אֶת נַפְשֵׁ֔/ךְ וְ/אֶת נֶ֥פֶשׁ בְּנֵ֖/ךְ שְׁלֹמֹֽה
1:13 Vade, et ingredere ad regem David, et dic ei : Nonne tu, domine mi rex, jurasti mihi ancillae tuae, dicens : Salomon filius tuus regnabit post me, et ipse sedebit in solio meo ? quare ergo regnat Adonias ?
*H Go, and get thee in to king David, and say to him: Didst not thou, my lord, O king, swear to me, thy handmaid, saying: Solomon, thy son, shall reign after me, and he shall sit on my throne? why then doth Adonias reign?
Ver. 13. Swear. This he did, either when he comforted her, after the death of her first-born; (2 K. xii. 24.) or rather, when Solomon had received so glorious a name, and was declared the heir by Nathan. 2 K. vii. 12. 1 Par. xxii. 20. and xxviii. 5. Adonias acknowledges that God had made choice of his brother. C. ii. 15. C.
Δεῦρο εἴσελθε πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα Δαυὶδ, καὶ ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτὸν, λέγουσα, οὐχὶ σὺ κύριέ μου βασιλεῦ ὤμοσας τῇ δούλῃ σου, λέγων, ὅτι ὁ υἱός σου Σαλωμὼν βασιλεύσει μετʼ ἐμέ, καὶ αὐτὸς καθιεῖται ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου μου; καὶ τί ὅτι ἐβασίλευσεν Ἀδωνίας;
לְכִ֞י וּ/בֹ֣אִי אֶל הַ/מֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֗ד וְ/אָמַ֤רְתְּ אֵלָי/ו֙ הֲ/לֹֽא אַתָּ֞ה אֲדֹנִ֣/י הַ/מֶּ֗לֶךְ נִשְׁבַּ֤עְתָּ לַ/אֲמָֽתְ/ךָ֙ לֵ/אמֹ֔ר כִּֽי שְׁלֹמֹ֤ה בְנֵ/ךְ֙ יִמְלֹ֣ךְ אַחֲרַ֔/י וְ/ה֖וּא יֵשֵׁ֣ב עַל כִּסְאִ֑/י וּ/מַדּ֖וּעַ מָלַ֥ךְ אֲדֹנִיָֽהוּ
1:14 Et adhuc ibi te loquente cum rege, ego veniam post te, et complebo sermones tuos.
*H And while thou art yet speaking there with the king, I will come in after thee, and will fill up thy words.
Ver. 14. Words, and confirm what thou hast said, (M.) reminding the king of God's express declaration. H.
Καὶ ἰδοὺ ἔτι λαλούσης σου ἐκεῖ μετα τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ ἐγὼ εἰσελεύσομαι ὀπίσω σου, καὶ πληρώσω τοὺς λόγους σου.
הִנֵּ֗ה עוֹדָ֛/ךְ מְדַבֶּ֥רֶת שָׁ֖ם עִם הַ/מֶּ֑לֶךְ וַ/אֲנִי֙ אָב֣וֹא אַחֲרַ֔יִ/ךְ וּ/מִלֵּאתִ֖י אֶת דְּבָרָֽיִ/ךְ
1:15 Ingressa est itaque Bethsabee ad regem in cubiculum : rex autem senuerat nimis, et Abisag Sunamitis ministrabat ei.
So Bethsabee went in to the king into the chamber. Now the king was very old, and Abisag, the Sunamitess, ministered to him.
Καὶ εἴσῆλθε Βηρσαβεὲ πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα εἰς τὸ ταμεῖον· καὶ ὁ βασιλεὺς πρεσβύτης σφόδρα· καὶ Ἀβισὰλ ἡ Σωμανῖτις ἦν λειτουργοῦσα τῷ βασιλεῖ.
וַ/תָּבֹ֨א בַת שֶׁ֤בֶע אֶל הַ/מֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ הַ/חַ֔דְרָ/ה וְ/הַ/מֶּ֖לֶךְ זָקֵ֣ן מְאֹ֑ד וַֽ/אֲבִישַׁג֙ הַ/שּׁ֣וּנַמִּ֔ית מְשָׁרַ֖ת אֶת הַ/מֶּֽלֶךְ
1:16 Inclinavit se Bethsabee, et adoravit regem. Ad quam rex : Quid tibi, inquit, vis ?
*H Bethsabee bowed herself, and worshipped the king. And the king said to her: What is thy will?
Ver. 16. Worshipped. Prot. "did obeisance." Heb. "fell prostrate on the ground before the king," (C.) without any danger of idolatry. H.
Καὶ ἔκυψε Βηρσαβεὲ, καὶ προσεκύνησε τῷ βασιλεῖ· καὶ εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεύς, τί ἔστι σοί;
וַ/תִּקֹּ֣ד בַּת שֶׁ֔בַע וַ/תִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ לַ/מֶּ֑לֶךְ וַ/יֹּ֥אמֶר הַ/מֶּ֖לֶךְ מַה לָּֽ/ךְ
1:17 Quae respondens, ait : Domine mi, tu jurasti per Dominum Deum tuum ancillae tuae : Salomon filius tuus regnabit post me, et ipse sedebit in solio meo.
She answered, and said: My lord, thou didst swear to thy handmaid, by the Lord thy God, saying: Solomon, thy son, shall reign after me, and he shall sit on my throne.
Ἡ δὲ εἶπε, κύριε, σὺ ὤμοσας ἐν Κυρίῳ τῷ Θεῷ σου τῇ δούλῃ σου, λέγων, ὅτι ὁ υἱός σου Σαλωμὼν βασιλεύσει μετʼ ἐμέ, καὶ καθήσεται ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου μου.
וַ/תֹּ֣אמֶר ל֗/וֹ אֲדֹנִ/י֙ אַתָּ֨ה נִשְׁבַּ֜עְתָּ בַּֽ/יהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֨י/ךָ֙ לַֽ/אֲמָתֶ֔/ךָ כִּֽי שְׁלֹמֹ֥ה בְנֵ֖/ךְ יִמְלֹ֣ךְ אַחֲרָ֑/י וְ/ה֖וּא יֵשֵׁ֥ב עַל כִּסְאִֽ/י
1:18 Et ecce nunc Adonias regnat, te, domine mi rex, ignorante.
*H And behold, now Adonias reigneth, and thou, my lord the king, knowest nothing of it.
Ver. 18. Of it. So that thy authority is also contemned. M.
Καὶ νῦν ἰδοὺ Ἀδωνίας ἐβασίλευσε, καὶ σὺ κύριέ μου βασιλεῦ οὐκ ἔγνως.
וְ/עַתָּ֕ה הִנֵּ֥ה אֲדֹנִיָּ֖ה מָלָ֑ךְ וְ/עַתָּ֛ה אֲדֹנִ֥/י הַ/מֶּ֖לֶךְ לֹ֥א יָדָֽעְתָּ
1:19 Mactavit boves, et pinguia quaeque, et arietes plurimos, et vocavit omnes filios regis, Abiathar quoque sacerdotem, et Joab principem militiae : Salomonem autem servum tuum non vocavit.
He hath killed oxen, and all fat cattle, and many rams, and invited all the king's sons, and Abiathar, the priest, and Joab, the general of the army: but Solomon, thy servant, he invited not.
Καὶ ἐθυσίασε μόσχους καὶ ἄρνας καὶ πρόβατα εἰς πλῆθος, καὶ ἐκάλεσε πάντας τοὺς υἱοὺς τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ Ἀβιάθαρ τὸν ἱερέα, καὶ Ἰωὰβ τὸν ἄρχοντα τῆς δυνάμεως· καὶ τὸν Σαλωμὼν τὸν δοῦλόν σου οὐκ ἐκάλεσε.
וַ֠/יִּזְבַּח שׁ֥וֹר וּֽ/מְרִיא וְ/צֹאן֮ לָ/רֹב֒ וַ/יִּקְרָא֙ לְ/כָל בְּנֵ֣י הַ/מֶּ֔לֶךְ וּ/לְ/אֶבְיָתָר֙ הַ/כֹּהֵ֔ן וּ/לְ/יֹאָ֖ב שַׂ֣ר הַ/צָּבָ֑א וְ/לִ/שְׁלֹמֹ֥ה עַבְדְּ/ךָ֖ לֹ֥א קָרָֽא
1:20 Verumtamen, domine mi rex, in te oculi respiciunt totius Israel, ut indices eis quis sedere debeat in solio tuo, domine mi rex, post te.
*H And now, my lord, O king, the eyes of all Israel are upon thee, that thou shouldst tell them, who shall sit on thy throne, my lord the king, after thee.
Ver. 20. Thee. Adonias boasts that all Israel was on his side. C. ii. 15. C. — But, in reality, the people waited for the final decision of David. H.
Καὶ σὺ κύριέ μου βασιλεῦ, οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ παντὸς Ἰσραὴλ πρὸς σέ, ἀπάγγειλαι αὐτοῖς τίς καθήσεται ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου τοῦ κυρίου μου τοῦ βασιλέως μετʼ αὐτόν.
וְ/אַתָּה֙ אֲדֹנִ֣/י הַ/מֶּ֔לֶךְ עֵינֵ֥י כָל יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עָלֶ֑י/ךָ לְ/הַגִּ֣יד לָ/הֶ֔ם מִ֗י יֵשֵׁ֛ב עַל כִּסֵּ֥א אֲדֹנִֽ/י הַ/מֶּ֖לֶךְ אַחֲרָֽי/ו
1:21 Eritque, cum dormierit dominus meus rex cum patribus suis, erimus ego et filius meus Salomon peccatores.
*H Otherwise it shall come to pass, when my lord the king sleepeth with his fathers, that I, and my son, Solomon, shall be accounted offenders.
Ver. 21. Offenders. I, as guilty of adultery; and my son, as a mamzer; (Deut. xxiii. 2. T.) or we shall be accounted pretenders, (H.) and condemned as guilty of high treason. C. — Our hopes and expectations will be frustrated. Vat. E. — We shall be despised or punished. W.
Καὶ ἔσται ὡς ἂν κοιμηθῇ ὁ κύριός μου ὁ βασιλεὺς μετὰ τῶν πατέρων αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔσομαι ἐγὼ καὶ Σαλωμὼν ὁ υἱός μου ἁμαρτωλοί.
וְ/הָיָ֕ה כִּ/שְׁכַ֥ב אֲדֹנִֽ/י הַ/מֶּ֖לֶךְ עִם אֲבֹתָ֑י/ו וְ/הָיִ֗יתִי אֲנִ֛י וּ/בְנִ֥/י שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה חַטָּאִֽים
1:22 Adhuc illa loquente cum rege, Nathan propheta venit.
As she was yet speaking with the king, Nathan, the prophet, came.
Καὶ ἰδοὺ ἔτι αὐτῆς λαλούσης μετὰ τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ Νάθαν ὁ προφήτης ἦλθε.
וְ/הִנֵּ֛ה עוֹדֶ֥/נָּה מְדַבֶּ֖רֶת עִם הַ/מֶּ֑לֶךְ וְ/נָתָ֥ן הַ/נָּבִ֖יא בָּֽא
1:23 Et nuntiaverunt regi, dicentes : Adest Nathan propheta. Cumque introisset in conspectu regis, et adorasset eum pronus in terram,
And they told the king, saying: Nathan, the prophet, is here. And when he was come in before the king, and had worshipped, bowing down to the ground,
Καὶ ἀνηγγέλη τῷ βασιλεῖ, ἰδοὺ Νάθαν ὁ προφήτης· καὶ εἰσῆλθε κατὰ πρόσωπον τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ προσεκύνησε τῷ βασιλεῖ κατὰ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν.
וַ/יַּגִּ֤ידוּ לַ/מֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ לֵ/אמֹ֔ר הִנֵּ֖ה נָתָ֣ן הַ/נָּבִ֑יא וַ/יָּבֹא֙ לִ/פְנֵ֣י הַ/מֶּ֔לֶךְ וַ/יִּשְׁתַּ֧חוּ לַ/מֶּ֛לֶךְ עַל אַפָּ֖י/ו אָֽרְצָ/ה
* Summa
*S Part 3,
Ques 84,
Article 1
[II-II, Q. 84, Art. 1]
Whether Adoration Is an Act of Latria or Religion?
Objection 1: It would seem that adoration is not an act of latria or religion. The worship of religion is due to God alone. But adoration is not due to God alone: since we read (Gen. 18:2) that Abraham adored the angels; and (3 Kings 1:23) that the prophet Nathan, when he was come in to king David, "worshiped him bowing down to the ground." Therefore adoration is not an act of religion.
Obj. 2: Further, the worship of religion is due to God as the object of beatitude, according to Augustine (De Civ. Dei x, 3): whereas adoration is due to Him by reason of His majesty, since a gloss on Ps. 28:2, "Adore ye the Lord in His holy court," says: "We pass from these courts into the court where we adore His majesty." Therefore adoration is not an act of latria.
Obj. 3: Further, the worship of one same religion is due to the three Persons. But we do not adore the three Persons with one adoration, for we genuflect at each separate invocation of Them [*At the adoration of the Cross, on Good Friday]. Therefore adoration is nol an act of latria.
_On the contrary,_ are the words quoted Matt. 4:10: "The Lord thy God shalt thou adore and Him only shalt thou serve."
_I answer that,_ Adoration is directed to the reverence of the person adored. Now it is evident from what we have said (Q. 81, AA. 2, 4) that it is proper to religion to show reverence to God. Hence the adoration whereby we adore God is an act of religion.
Reply Obj. 1: Reverence is due to God on account of His excellence, which is communicated to certain creatures not in equal measure, but according to a measure of proportion; and so the reverence which we pay to God, and which belongs to latria, differs from the reverence which we pay to certain excellent creatures; this belongs to dulia, and we shall speak of it further on (Q. 103). And since external actions are signs of internal reverence, certain external tokens significative of reverence are offered to creatures of excellence, and among these tokens the chief is adoration: yet there is one thing which is offered to God alone, and that is sacrifice. Hence Augustine says (De Civ. Dei x, 4): "Many tokens of Divine worship are employed in doing honor to men, either through excessive humility, or through pernicious flattery; yet so that those to whom these honors are given are recognized as being men to whom we owe esteem and reverence and even adoration if they be far above us. But who ever thought it his duty to sacrifice to any other than one whom he either knew or deemed or pretended to be a God?" Accordingly it was with the reverence due to an excellent creature that Nathan adored David; while it was the reverence due to God with which Mardochai refused to adore Aman fearing "lest he should transfer the honor of his God to a man" (Esther 13:14).
Again with the reverence due to an excellent creature Abraham adored the angels, as did also Josue (Jos. 5:15): though we may understand them to have adored, with the adoration of latria, God Who appeared and spoke to them in the guise of an angel. It was with the reverence due to God that John was forbidden to adore the angel (Apoc. 22:9), both to indicate the dignity which he had acquired through Christ, whereby man is made equal to an angel: wherefore the same text goes on: "I am thy fellow-servant and of thy brethren"; as also to exclude any occasion of idolatry, wherefore the text continues: "Adore God."
Reply Obj. 2: Every Divine excellency is included in His majesty: to which it pertains that we should be made happy in Him as in the sovereign good.
Reply Obj. 3: Since there is one excellence of the three Divine Persons, one honor and reverence is due to them and consequently one adoration. It is to represent this that where it is related (Gen. 18:2) that three men appeared to Abraham, we are told that he addressed one, saying: "Lord, if I have found favor in thy sight," etc. The triple genuflection represents the Trinity of Persons, not a difference of adoration. _______________________
SECOND
1:24 dixit Nathan : Domine mi rex, tu dixisti : Adonias regnet post me, et ipse sedeat super thronum meum ?
Nathan said: My lord, O king, hast thou said: Let Adonias reign after me, and let him sit upon my throne?
Καὶ εἶπε Νὰθαν, κύριέ μου βασιλεῦ, σὺ εἶπας, Ἀδωνίας βασιλεύσει ὀπίσω μου, καὶ αὐτὸς καθήσεται ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου μου;
וַ/יֹּאמֶר֮ נָתָן֒ אֲדֹנִ֣/י הַ/מֶּ֔לֶךְ אַתָּ֣ה אָמַ֔רְתָּ אֲדֹנִיָּ֖הוּ יִמְלֹ֣ךְ אַחֲרָ֑/י וְ/ה֖וּא יֵשֵׁ֥ב עַל כִּסְאִֽ/י
1:25 Quia descendit hodie, et immolavit boves, et pinguia, et arietes plurimos, et vocavit universos filios regis et principes exercitus, Abiathar quoque sacerdotem, illisque vescentibus et bibentibus coram eo, et dicentibus : Vivat rex Adonias :
Because he is gone down to day, and hath killed oxen, and fatlings, and many rams, and invited all the king's sons, and the captains of the army, and Abiathar the priest: and they are eating and drinking before him, and saying: God save king Adonias:
Ὅτι κατέβη σήμερον, καὶ ἐθυσίασε μόσχους καὶ ἄρνας καὶ πρόβατα εἰς πλῆθος, καὶ ἐκάλεσε πάντας τοὺς υἱοὺς τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ τοὺς ἄρχοντας τῆς δυνάμεως, καὶ Ἀβιάθαρ τὸν ἱερέα· καὶ ἰδού εἰσιν ἐσθίοντες καὶ πίνοντες ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ, καὶ εἶπαν, ζήτω ὁ βασιλεὺς Ἀδωνίας.
כִּ֣י יָרַ֣ד הַ/יּ֗וֹם וַ֠/יִּזְבַּח שׁ֥וֹר וּֽ/מְרִיא וְ/צֹאן֮ לָ/רֹב֒ וַ/יִּקְרָא֩ לְ/כָל בְּנֵ֨י הַ/מֶּ֜לֶךְ וּ/לְ/שָׂרֵ֤י הַ/צָּבָא֙ וּ/לְ/אֶבְיָתָ֣ר הַ/כֹּהֵ֔ן וְ/הִנָּ֛/ם אֹכְלִ֥ים וְ/שֹׁתִ֖ים לְ/פָנָ֑י/ו וַ/יֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ יְחִ֖י הַ/מֶּ֥לֶךְ אֲדֹנִיָּֽהוּ
1:26 me servum tuum, et Sadoc sacerdotem, et Banaiam filium Jojadae, et Salomonem famulum tuum non vocavit.
But me, thy servant, and Sadoc, the priest, and Banaias, the son of Joiada, and Solomon, thy servant, he hath not invited.
Καὶ ἐμὲ αὐτὸν τὸν δοῦλόν σου, καὶ Σαδὼκ τὸν ἱερέα, καὶ Βαναίαν υἱὸν Ἰωδαὲ, καὶ Σαλωμὼν τὸν δοῦλόν σου, οὐκ ἐκάλεσεν.
וְ/לִ֣/י אֲנִֽי עַ֠בְדֶּ/ךָ וּ/לְ/צָדֹ֨ק הַ/כֹּהֵ֜ן וְ/לִ/בְנָיָ֧הוּ בֶן יְהוֹיָדָ֛ע וְ/לִ/שְׁלֹמֹ֥ה עַבְדְּ/ךָ֖ לֹ֥א קָרָֽא
1:27 Numquid a domino meo rege exivit hoc verbum, et mihi non indicasti servo tuo quis sessurus esset super thronum domini mei regis post eum ?
Is this word come out from my lord the king, and hast thou not told me, thy servant, who should sit on the throne of my lord the king after him?
Εἰ διὰ τοῦ κυρίου μου τοῦ βασιλέως γέγονε τὸ ῥῆμα τοῦτο, καὶ οὐκ ἐγνώρισας τῷ δούλῳ σου τίς καθήσεται ἐπὶ τὸν θρόνον τοῦ κυρίου μου βασιλέως μετʼ αὐτόν;
אִ֗ם מֵ/אֵת֙ אֲדֹנִ֣/י הַ/מֶּ֔לֶךְ נִהְיָ֖ה הַ/דָּבָ֣ר הַ/זֶּ֑ה וְ/לֹ֤א הוֹדַ֨עְתָּ֙ אֶֽת עבדי/ך עַבְדְּ/ךָ֔ מִ֗י יֵשֵׁ֛ב עַל כִּסֵּ֥א אֲדֹנִֽ/י הַ/מֶּ֖לֶךְ אַחֲרָֽי/ו
1:28 Et respondit rex David, dicens : Vocate ad me Bethsabee. Quae cum fuisset ingressa coram rege, et stetisset ante eum,
*H And king David answered, and said: Call to me Bethsabee. And when she was come in to the king, and stood before him,
Ver. 28. Come in. Nathan went out, at the same time; (M.) so that each had a private audience. C.
Καὶ ἀπεκρίθη ὁ βασιλεὺς Δαυὶδ, καὶ εἶπε, καλέσατέ μοι τὴν Βηρσαβεέ· καὶ εἰσῆλθεν ἐνώπιον τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ ἔστη ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ.
וַ/יַּ֨עַן הַ/מֶּ֤לֶךְ דָּוִד֙ וַ/יֹּ֔אמֶר קִרְאוּ לִ֖/י לְ/בַת שָׁ֑בַע וַ/תָּבֹא֙ לִ/פְנֵ֣י הַ/מֶּ֔לֶךְ וַֽ/תַּעֲמֹ֖ד לִ/פְנֵ֥י הַ/מֶּֽלֶךְ
1:29 juravit rex, et ait : Vivit Dominus, qui eruit animam meam de omni angustia,
The king swore, and said: As the Lord liveth, who hath delivered my soul out of all distress,
Καὶ ὤμοσεν ὁ βασιλεὺς, καὶ εἶπε, ζῇ Κύριος ὃς ἐλυτρώσατο τὴν ψυχήν μου ἐκ πάσης θλίψεως,
וַ/יִּשָּׁבַ֥ע הַ/מֶּ֖לֶךְ וַ/יֹּאמַ֑ר חַי יְהוָ֕ה אֲשֶׁר פָּדָ֥ה אֶת נַפְשִׁ֖/י מִ/כָּל צָרָֽה
1:30 quia sicut juravi tibi per Dominum Deum Israel, dicens : Salomon filius tuus regnabit post me, et ipse sedebit super solium meum pro me : sic faciam hodie.
Even as I swore to thee, by the Lord, the God of Israel, saying: Solomon thy son, shall reign after me, and he shall sit upon my throne in my stead, so will I do this day.
ὅτι καθὼς ὤμοσά σοι ἐν Κυρίῳ Θεῷ Ἰσραὴλ, λέγων, ὅτι Σαλωμὼν ὁ υἱός σου βασιλεύσει μετʼ ἐμὲ, καὶ αὐτὸς καθήσεται ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου μου ἀντʼ ἐμοῦ, ὅτι οὕτω ποιήσω τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ταύτῃ.
כִּ֡י כַּ/אֲשֶׁר֩ נִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי לָ֜/ךְ בַּ/יהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לֵ/אמֹ֔ר כִּֽי שְׁלֹמֹ֤ה בְנֵ/ךְ֙ יִמְלֹ֣ךְ אַחֲרַ֔/י וְ/ה֛וּא יֵשֵׁ֥ב עַל כִּסְאִ֖/י תַּחְתָּ֑/י כִּ֛י כֵּ֥ן אֶעֱשֶׂ֖ה הַ/יּ֥וֹם הַ/זֶּֽה
1:31 Summissoque Bethsabee in terram vultu, adoravit regem, dicens : Vivat dominus meus David in aeternum.
And Bethsabee, bowing with her face to the earth, worshipped the king, saying: May my lord David live for ever.
Καὶ ἔκυψε Βηρσαβεὲ ἐπὶ πρόσωπον ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν, καὶ προσεκύνησε τῷ βασιλεῖ, καὶ εἶπε, ζήτω ὁ κύριός μου ὁ βασιλεὺς Δαυὶδ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα.
וַ/תִּקֹּ֨ד בַּת שֶׁ֤בַע אַפַּ֨יִם֙ אֶ֔רֶץ וַ/תִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ לַ/מֶּ֑לֶךְ וַ/תֹּ֕אמֶר יְחִ֗י אֲדֹנִ֛/י הַ/מֶּ֥לֶךְ דָּוִ֖ד לְ/עֹלָֽם
1:32 Dixit quoque rex David : Vocate mihi Sadoc sacerdotem, et Nathan prophetam, et Banaiam filium Jojadae. Qui cum ingressi fuissent coram rege,
King David also said: Call me Sadoc, the priest, and Nathan, the prophet, and Banaias, the son of Joiada. And when they were come in before the king,
Καὶ εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεὺς Δαυίδ, Καλέσατέ μοι Σαδὼκ τὸν ἱερέα, καὶ Νάθαν τὸν προφήτην, καὶ Βαναίαν υἱὸν Ἰωδαέ καὶ εἰσῆλθον ἐνώπιον τοῦ βασιλέως.
וַ/יֹּ֣אמֶר הַ/מֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֗ד קִרְאוּ לִ֞/י לְ/צָד֤וֹק הַ/כֹּהֵן֙ וּ/לְ/נָתָ֣ן הַ/נָּבִ֔יא וְ/לִ/בְנָיָ֖הוּ בֶּן יְהוֹיָדָ֑ע וַ/יָּבֹ֖אוּ לִ/פְנֵ֥י הַ/מֶּֽלֶךְ
1:33 dixit ad eos : Tollite vobiscum servos domini vestri, et imponite Salomonem filium meum super mulam meam, et ducite eum in Gihon.
*H He said to them: Take with you the servants of your lord, and set my son Solomon upon my mule: and bring him to Gihon:
Ver. 33. Lord, David. M. — The Cerethi, and other life-guards, went under the command of their captain, Banaias, (C.) to repel any force that might disturb this solemn inauguration. H. — Mule. None but the king was allowed to mount it. — Gihon, a fountain, or place of public resort, on the west of Jerusalem. Ezechias brought its waters into the city. 2 Par. xxxii. 30. C. — Adonias was at Rogel, on the east. M.
Καὶ εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεὺς αὐτοῖς, λάβετε τοὺς δούλους τοῦ κυρίου ὑμῶν μεθʼ ὑμῶν, καὶ ἐπιβιβάσατε τὸν υἱόν μου Σαλωμὼν ἐπὶ τὴν ἡμίονον τὴν ἐμὴν, καὶ καταγάγετε αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν Γιὼν,
וַ/יֹּ֨אמֶר הַ/מֶּ֜לֶךְ לָ/הֶ֗ם קְח֤וּ עִמָּ/כֶם֙ אֶת עַבְדֵ֣י אֲדֹנֵי/כֶ֔ם וְ/הִרְכַּבְתֶּם֙ אֶת שְׁלֹמֹ֣ה בְנִ֔/י עַל הַ/פִּרְדָּ֖ה אֲשֶׁר לִ֑/י וְ/הוֹרַדְתֶּ֥ם אֹת֖/וֹ אֶל גִּחֽוֹן
1:34 Et ungat eum ibi Sadoc sacerdos et Nathan propheta in regem super Israel : et canetis buccina, atque dicetis : Vivat rex Salomon.
*H And let Sadoc, the priest, and Nathan, the prophet, anoint him there king over Israel: and you shall sound the trumpet, and shall say: God save king Solomon.
Ver. 34. Save, (Vivat.) "Live." May Solomon reign for many years. H.
καὶ χρισάτω αὐτὸν ἐκεῖ Σαδὼκ ὁ ἱερεὺς καὶ Νάθαν ὁ προφήτης εἰς βασιλέα ἐπὶ Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ σαλπίσατε κερατίνῃ, καὶ ἐρεῖτε, ζήτω ὁ βασιλεὺς Σαλωμών.
וּ/מָשַׁ֣ח אֹת֣/וֹ שָׁ֠ם צָד֨וֹק הַ/כֹּהֵ֜ן וְ/נָתָ֧ן הַ/נָּבִ֛יא לְ/מֶ֖לֶךְ עַל יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וּ/תְקַעְתֶּם֙ בַּ/שּׁוֹפָ֔ר וַ/אֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם יְחִ֖י הַ/מֶּ֥לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹֽה
1:35 Et ascendetis post eum, et veniet, et sedebit super solium meum, et ipse regnabit pro me : illique praecipiam ut sit dux super Israel et super Judam.
*H And you shall come up after him, and he shall come, and shall sit upon my throne, and he shall reign in my stead: and I will appoint him to be ruler over Israel, and over Juda.
Ver. 35. Stead. Not after me only. David voluntarily abdicates the throne, so that Solomon reigned in his life-time. M.
Καὶ καθήσεται ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου μου, καὶ βασιλεύσει ἀντʼ ἐμοῦ· καὶ ἐγὼ ἐνετειλάμην τοῦ εἶναι εἰς ἡγούμενον ἐπὶ Ἰσραὴλ καὶ Ἰούδαν.
וַ/עֲלִיתֶ֣ם אַחֲרָ֗י/ו וּ/בָא֙ וְ/יָשַׁ֣ב עַל כִּסְאִ֔/י וְ/ה֥וּא יִמְלֹ֖ךְ תַּחְתָּ֑/י וְ/אֹת֤/וֹ צִוִּ֨יתִי֙ לִֽ/הְי֣וֹת נָגִ֔יד עַל יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וְ/עַל יְהוּדָֽה
1:36 Et respondit Banaias filius Jojadae regi, dicens : Amen : sic loquatur Dominus Deus domini mei regis.
*H And Banaias, the son of Joiada, answered the king, saying: Amen: so say the Lord, the God of my lord the king.
Ver. 36. King. May all have a prosperous issue, conformably to the wishes of your majesty and the decrees of God. C.
Καὶ ἀπεκρίθη Βαναίας υἱὸς Ἰωδαὲ τῷ βασιλεῖ, καὶ εἶπε, γένοιτο οὕτως· πιστώσαι Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς τοῦ κυρίου μου τοῦ βασιλέως·
וַ/יַּ֨עַן בְּנָיָ֧הוּ בֶן יְהֽוֹיָדָ֛ע אֶת הַ/מֶּ֖לֶךְ וַ/יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמֵ֑ן כֵּ֚ן יֹאמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה אֱלֹהֵ֖י אֲדֹנִ֥/י הַ/מֶּֽלֶךְ
1:37 Quomodo fuit Dominus cum domino meo rege, sic sit cum Salomone, et sublimius faciat solium ejus a solio domini mei regis David.
*H As the Lord hath been with my lord the king, so be he with Solomon, and make his throne higher than the throne of my lord king David.
Ver. 37. David. Parents wish their children to be still more happy than themselves, how jealous soever they may be of their own glory. C.
καθὼς ἦν Κύριος μετὰ τοῦ κυρίου μου τοῦ βασιλέως, οὕτως εἴη μετὰ Σαλωμὼν, καὶ μεγαλύναι τὸν θρόνον αὐτοῦ ὑπὲρ τὸν θρόνον τοῦ κυρίου μου τοῦ βασιλέως Δαυίδ.
כַּ/אֲשֶׁ֨ר הָיָ֤ה יְהוָה֙ עִם אֲדֹנִ֣/י הַ/מֶּ֔לֶךְ כֵּ֖ן יהי יִֽהְיֶ֣ה עִם שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה וִֽ/יגַדֵּל֙ אֶת כִּסְא֔/וֹ מִ֨/כִּסֵּ֔א אֲדֹנִ֖/י הַ/מֶּ֥לֶךְ דָּוִֽד
1:38 Descendit ergo Sadoc sacerdos, et Nathan propheta, et Banaias filius Jojadae, et Cerethi, et Phelethi : et imposuerunt Salomonem super mulam regis David, et adduxerunt eum in Gihon.
So Sadoc, the priest, and Nathan, the prophet, went down, and Banaias, the son of Joiada, and the Cerethi, and Phelethi: and they set Solomon upon the mule of king David, and brought him to Gihon.
Καὶ κατέβη Σαδὼκ ὁ ἱερεὺς, καὶ Νάθαν ὁ προφήτης, καὶ Βαναίας υἱὸς Ἰωδαὲ, καὶ ὁ Χερεθὶ, καὶ ὁ Φελεθὶ, καὶ ἐπεκάθισαν τὸν Σαλωμὼν ἐπὶ τὴν ἡμίονον τοῦ βασιλέως Δαυὶδ, καὶ ἀπήγαγον αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν Γιών.
וַ/יֵּ֣רֶד צָד֣וֹק הַ֠/כֹּהֵן וְ/נָתָ֨ן הַ/נָּבִ֜יא וּ/בְנָיָ֣הוּ בֶן יְהוֹיָדָ֗ע וְ/הַ/כְּרֵתִי֙ וְ/הַ/פְּלֵתִ֔י וַ/יַּרְכִּ֨בוּ֙ אֶת שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה עַל פִּרְדַּ֖ת הַ/מֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֑ד וַ/יֹּלִ֥כוּ אֹת֖/וֹ עַל גִּחֽוֹן
1:39 Sumpsitque Sadoc sacerdos cornu olei de tabernaculo, et unxit Salomonem : et cecinerunt buccina, et dixit omnis populus : Vivat rex Salomon.
*H And Sadoc, the priest, took a horn of oil out of the tabernacle, and anointed Solomon: and they sounded the trumpet, and all the people said: God save king Solomon.
Ver. 39. Horn of oil. Such liquors were commonly kept in vessels of horn. C. — Some say that oil, for the consecration of priests, was used on this occasion; and that the ceremony was performed only, when the throne was contested: as in the case of Joas, Joachaz, &c. H. — Nathan assisted Sadoc, (v. 34,) who was not yet the high priest. M.
Καὶ ἔλαβε Σαδὼκ ὁ ἱερεὺς τὸ κέρας τοῦ ἐλαίου ἐκ τῆς σκηνῆς, καὶ ἔχρισε τὸν Σαλωμὼν, καὶ ἐσάλπισε τῇ κερατίνῃ· καὶ εἶπε πᾶς ὁ λαός, ζήτω ὁ βασιλεὺς Σαλωμών.
וַ/יִּקַּח֩ צָד֨וֹק הַ/כֹּהֵ֜ן אֶת קֶ֤רֶן הַ/שֶּׁ֨מֶן֙ מִן הָ/אֹ֔הֶל וַ/יִּמְשַׁ֖ח אֶת שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה וַֽ/יִּתְקְעוּ֙ בַּ/שּׁוֹפָ֔ר וַ/יֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ כָּל הָ/עָ֔ם יְחִ֖י הַ/מֶּ֥לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹֽה
1:40 Et ascendit universa multitudo post eum, et populus canentium tibiis, et laetantium gaudio magno : et insonuit terra a clamore eorum.
*H And all the multitude went up after him, and the people played with pipes, and rejoiced with a great joy, and the earth rang with the noise of their cry.
Ver. 40. Rang. Heb. "was split." Chal. "shook." M.
Καὶ ἀνέβη πᾶς ὁ λαὸς ὀπίσω αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐχόρευον ἐν χοροῖς καὶ εὐφραινόμενοι εὐφροσύνην μεγάλην, καὶ ἐῤῥάγη ἡ γῆ ἐν τῇ φωνῇ αὐτῶν.
וַ/יַּעֲל֤וּ כָל הָ/עָם֙ אַֽחֲרָ֔י/ו וְ/הָ/עָם֙ מְחַלְּלִ֣ים בַּ/חֲלִלִ֔ים וּ/שְׂמֵחִ֖ים שִׂמְחָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֑ה וַ/תִּבָּקַ֥ע הָ/אָ֖רֶץ בְּ/קוֹלָֽ/ם
1:41 Audivit autem Adonias, et omnes qui invitati fuerant ab eo : jamque convivium finitum erat : sed et Joab, audita voce tubae, ait : Quid sibi vult clamor civitatis tumultuantis ?
*H And Adonias, and all that were invited by him, heard it, and now the feast was at an end. Joab also, hearing the sound of the trumpet, said: What meaneth this noise of the city in an uproar?
Ver. 41. Uproar. Nathan had conducted the affair with singular address. A little delay might have plunged the kingdom into all the horrors of a civil war.
Καὶ ἤκουσεν Ἀδωνίας καὶ πάντες οἱ κλητοὶ αὐτοῦ, καὶ αὐτοὶ συνετέλεσαν φαγεῖν· καὶ ἤκουσεν Ἰωὰβ τὴν φωνὴν τῆς κερατίνης, καὶ εἶπε, τίς ἡ φωνὴ τῆς πόλεως ἠχούσης;
וַ/יִּשְׁמַ֣ע אֲדֹנִיָּ֗הוּ וְ/כָל הַ/קְּרֻאִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֔/וֹ וְ/הֵ֖ם כִּלּ֣וּ לֶ/אֱכֹ֑ל וַ/יִּשְׁמַ֤ע יוֹאָב֙ אֶת ק֣וֹל הַ/שּׁוֹפָ֔ר וַ/יֹּ֕אמֶר מַדּ֥וּעַ קֽוֹל הַ/קִּרְיָ֖ה הוֹמָֽה
1:42 Adhuc illo loquente, Jonathas filius Abiathar sacerdotis venit : cui dixit Adonias : Ingredere, quia vir fortis es, et bona nuntians.
While he yet spoke, Jonathan, the son of Abiathar, the priest, came: and Adonias said to him: Come in, because thou art a valiant man, and bringest good news.
Ἔτι αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος, καὶ ἰδοὺ Ἰωνάθαν υἱὸς Ἀβιάθαρ τοῦ ἱερέως εἰσῆλθε· καὶ εἶπεν Ἀδωνίας, εἴσελθε, ὅτι ἀνὴρ δυνάμεως εἶ σὺ, καὶ ἀγαθὰ εὐαγγέλισαι.
עוֹדֶ֣/נּוּ מְדַבֵּ֔ר וְ/הִנֵּ֧ה יוֹנָתָ֛ן בֶּן אֶבְיָתָ֥ר הַ/כֹּהֵ֖ן בָּ֑א וַ/יֹּ֤אמֶר אֲדֹנִיָּ֨הוּ֙ בֹּ֔א כִּ֣י אִ֥ישׁ חַ֛יִל אַ֖תָּה וְ/ט֥וֹב תְּבַשֵּֽׂר
1:43 Responditque Jonathas Adoniae : Nequaquam : dominus enim noster rex David regem constituit Salomonem :
*H And Jonathan answered Adonias: Not so: for our lord, king David, hath appointed Solomon king;
Ver. 43. Not so. Heb. "Misfortune or mourning, or verily." A man of character did not willingly deliver a disagreeable message. 2 K. xviii. 25. C. — But Jonathan was concerned for his father. H.
Καὶ ἀπεκρίθη Ἰωνάθαν, καὶ εἶπε, καὶ μάλα ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν ὁ βασιλεὺς Δαυὶδ ἐβασίλευσε τὸν Σαλωμὼν,
וַ/יַּ֨עַן֙ יוֹנָתָ֔ן וַ/יֹּ֖אמֶר לַ/אֲדֹנִיָּ֑הוּ אֲבָ֕ל אֲדֹנֵ֥י/נוּ הַ/מֶּֽלֶךְ דָּוִ֖ד הִמְלִ֥יךְ אֶת שְׁלֹמֹֽה
1:44 misitque cum eo Sadoc sacerdotem, et Nathan prophetam, et Banaiam filium Jojadae, et Cerethi, et Phelethi, et imposuerunt eum super mulam regis.
And hath sent with him Sadoc, the priest, and Nathan, the prophet, and Banaias, the son of Joiada, and the Cerethi, and the Phelethi, and they have set him upon the king's mule:
καὶ ἀπέστειλε μετʼ αὐτοῦ ὁ βασιλεὺς τὸν Σαδὼκ τὸν ἱερέα, καὶ Νάθαν τὸν προφήτην, καὶ Βαναίαν τὸν υἱὸν Ἰωδαὲ, καὶ τὸν Χερεθὶ, καὶ τὸν Φελεθὶ, καὶ ἐπεκάθισαν αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τὴν ἡμίονον τοῦ βασιλέως·
וַ/יִּשְׁלַ֣ח אִתּֽ/וֹ הַ֠/מֶּלֶךְ אֶת צָד֨וֹק הַ/כֹּהֵ֜ן וְ/אֶת נָתָ֣ן הַ/נָּבִ֗יא וּ/בְנָיָ֨הוּ֙ בֶּן יְה֣וֹיָדָ֔ע וְ/הַ/כְּרֵתִ֖י וְ/הַ/פְּלֵתִ֑י וַ/יַּרְכִּ֣בוּ אֹת֔/וֹ עַ֖ל פִּרְדַּ֥ת הַ/מֶּֽלֶךְ
1:45 Unxeruntque eum Sadoc sacerdos et Nathan propheta regem in Gihon : et ascenderunt inde laetantes, et insonuit civitas : haec est vox quam audistis.
And Sadoc, the priest, and Nathan, the prophet, have anointed him king, in Gihon: and they are gone up from thence rejoicing, so that the city rang again: this is the noise that you have heard.
Καὶ ἔχρισαν αὐτὸν Σαδὼκ ὁ ἱερεὺς καὶ Νάθαν ὁ προφήτης ἐν τῇ Γιὼν, καὶ ἀνέβησαν ἐκεῖθεν εὐφραινόμενοι, καὶ ἤχησεν ἡ πόλις· αὕτη ἡ φωνὴ ἣν ἠκούσατε.
וַ/יִּמְשְׁח֣וּ אֹת֡/וֹ צָד֣וֹק הַ/כֹּהֵ֣ן וְ/נָתָן֩ הַ/נָּבִ֨יא לְ/מֶ֜לֶךְ בְּ/גִח֗וֹן וַ/יַּעֲל֤וּ מִ/שָּׁם֙ שְׂמֵחִ֔ים וַ/תֵּהֹ֖ם הַ/קִּרְיָ֑ה ה֥וּא הַ/קּ֖וֹל אֲשֶׁ֥ר שְׁמַעְתֶּֽם
1:46 Sed et Salomon sedet super solium regni.
Moreover, Solomon sitteth upon the throne of the kingdom.
Καὶ ἐκάθισε Σαλωμὼν ἐπὶ θρόνον βασιλείας.
וְ/גַם֙ יָשַׁ֣ב שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה עַ֖ל כִּסֵּ֥א הַ/מְּלוּכָֽה
1:47 Et ingressi servi regis benedixerunt domino nostro regi David, dicentes : Amplificet Deus nomen Salomonis super nomen tuum, et magnificet thronus ejus super thronum tuum. Et adoravit rex in lectulo suo :
*H And the king's servants going in, have blessed our lord king David, saying: May God make the name of Solomon greater than thy name, and make his throne greater than thy throne. And the king adored in his bed:
Ver. 47. Blessed. Congratulating him on the exaltation of Solomon. — Bed. Shewing respect to the new king, as Jacob had done to Joseph; (Gen. xlvii. 31. Sanctius) or laying himself down again; (C.) or rather giving thanks to God, (M.) whom he adored, in gratitude for the favour of a successor being granted to him. W.
Καὶ εἰσῆλθον οἱ δοῦλοι τοῦ βασιλέως εὐλογῆσαι τὸν κύριον ἡμῶν τὸν βασιλέα Δαυὶδ, λέγοντες, ἀγαθύναι ὁ Θεὸς τὸ ὄνομα Σαλωμὼν ὑπὲρ τὸ ὄνομά σου, καὶ μεγαλύναι τὸν θρόνον αὐτοῦ ὑπὲρ τὸν θρόνον σου· καὶ προσεκύνησεν ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐπὶ τὴν κοίτην.
וְ/גַם בָּ֜אוּ עַבְדֵ֣י הַ/מֶּ֗לֶךְ לְ֠/בָרֵךְ אֶת אֲדֹנֵ֜י/נוּ הַ/מֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִד֮ לֵ/אמֹר֒ יֵיטֵ֨ב אלהי/ך אֱלֹהִ֜ים אֶת שֵׁ֤ם שְׁלֹמֹה֙ מִ/שְּׁמֶ֔/ךָ וִֽ/יגַדֵּ֥ל אֶת כִּסְא֖/וֹ מִ/כִּסְאֶ֑/ךָ וַ/יִּשְׁתַּ֥חוּ הַ/מֶּ֖לֶךְ עַל הַ/מִּשְׁכָּֽב
1:48 et locutus est : Benedictus Dominus Deus Israel, qui dedit hodie sedentem in solio meo, videntibus oculis meis.
And he said: Blessed be the Lord, the God of Israel, who hath given this day one to sit on my throne, my eyes seeing it.
Καί γε οὕτως εἶπεν ὁ βασιλεύς, εὐλογητὸς Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς Ἰσραὴλ, ὃς ἔδωκε σήμερον ἐκ τοῦ σπέρματός μου καθήμενον ἐπὶ τοῦ θρόνου μου, καὶ οἱ ὀφθαλμοί μου βλέπουσι.
וְ/גַם כָּ֖כָה אָמַ֣ר הַ/מֶּ֑לֶךְ בָּר֨וּךְ יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתַ֥ן הַ/יּ֛וֹם יֹשֵׁ֥ב עַל כִּסְאִ֖/י וְ/עֵינַ֥/י רֹאֽוֹת
1:49 Territi sunt ergo, et surrexerunt omnes qui invitati fuerant ab Adonia, et ivit unusquisque in viam suam.
*H Then all the guests of Adonias were afraid, and they all arose, and every man went his way.
Ver. 49. Afraid. As they had offended both David and Solomon, and had rendered themselves suspected of high treason.
Καὶ ἐξέστησαν πάντες οἱ κλητοὶ τοῦ Ἀδωνίου, καὶ ἦλθον ἀνὴρ εἰς τὴν ὁδὸν αὐτοῦ.
וַ/יֶּֽחֶרְדוּ֙ וַ/יָּקֻ֔מוּ כָּל הַ֨/קְּרֻאִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר לַ/אֲדֹנִיָּ֑הוּ וַ/יֵּלְכ֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ לְ/דַרְכּֽ/וֹ
1:50 Adonias autem timens Salomonem, surrexit, et abiit, tenuitque cornu altaris.
And Adonias fearing Solomon, arose and went, and took hold of the horn of the altar.
Καὶ Ἀδωνίας ἐφοβήθη ἀπὸ προσώπου Σαλωμὼν, καὶ ἀνέστη καὶ ἀπῆλθε καὶ ἐπελάβετο τῶν κεράτων τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου.
וַ/אֲדֹ֣נִיָּ֔הוּ יָרֵ֖א מִ/פְּנֵ֣י שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה וַ/יָּ֣קָם וַ/יֵּ֔לֶךְ וַֽ/יַּחֲזֵ֖ק בְּ/קַרְנ֥וֹת הַ/מִּזְבֵּֽחַ
1:51 Et nuntiaverunt Salomoni, dicentes : Ecce Adonias timens regem Salomonem, tenuit cornu altaris, dicens : Juret mihi rex Salomon hodie, quod non interficiat servum suum gladio.
*H And they told Solomon, saying: Behold Adonias fearing king Solomon, hath taken hold of the horn of the altar, saying: Let king Solomon swear to me this day, that he will not kill his servant with the sword.
Ver. 51. Altar. At Gabaon, (2 Par. i. 3,) or at Sion. All nations seemed to grant the right of an asylum to sacred places; but only in favour of the innocent. Ex. xxi. 14. C.
Καὶ ἀνηγγέλη τῷ Σαλωμὼν, λέγοντες, ἰδοὺ Ἀδωνίας ἐφοβήθη τὸν βασιλέα Σαλωμὼν, καὶ κατέχει τῶν κεράτων τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου, λέγων, ὀμοσάτω μοι σήμερον Σαλωμὼν, εἰ οὐ θανατώσει τὸν δοῦλον αὐτοῦ ἐν ῥομφαίᾳ.
וַ/יֻּגַּ֤ד לִ/שְׁלֹמֹה֙ לֵ/אמֹ֔ר הִנֵּה֙ אֲדֹ֣נִיָּ֔הוּ יָרֵ֖א אֶת הַ/מֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה וְ֠/הִנֵּה אָחַ֞ז בְּ/קַרְנ֤וֹת הַ/מִּזְבֵּ֨חַ֙ לֵ/אמֹ֔ר יִשָּֽׁבַֽע לִ֤/י כַ/יּוֹם֙ הַ/מֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה אִם יָמִ֥ית אֶת עַבְדּ֖/וֹ בֶּ/חָֽרֶב
1:52 Dixitque Salomon : Si fuerit vir bonus, non cadet ne unus quidem capillus ejus in terram : sin autem malum inventum fuerit in eo, morietur.
And Solomon said: If he be a good man, there shall not so much as one hair of his head fall to the ground: but if evil be found in him, he shall die.
Καὶ εἶπε Σαλωμών, ἐὰν γένηται εἰς υἱὸν δυνάμεως, εἰ πεσεῖται τῶν τριχῶν αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν· καὶ ἐὰν κακία εὑρεθῇ ἐν αὐτῷ, θανατωθήσεται.
וַ/יֹּ֣אמֶר שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה אִ֚ם יִהְיֶ֣ה לְ/בֶן חַ֔יִל לֹֽא יִפֹּ֥ל מִ/שַּׂעֲרָת֖/וֹ אָ֑רְצָ/ה וְ/אִם רָעָ֥ה תִמָּצֵא ב֖/וֹ וָ/מֵֽת
1:53 Misit ergo rex Salomon, et eduxit eum ab altari : et ingressus adoravit regem Salomonem : dixitque ei Salomon : Vade in domum tuam.
*H Then king Solomon sent, and brought him out from the altar: and going in, he worshipped king Solomon: and Solomon said to him: Go to thy house.
Ver. 53. House. He does not forbid him the court, but grants him pardon. M.
Καὶ ἀπέστειλεν ὁ βασιλεὺς Σαλωμὼν, καὶ κατήνεγκαν αὐτὸν ἀπάνωθεν τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου· καὶ εἰσῆλθε, καὶ προσεκύνησε τῷ βασιλεῖ Σαλωμών· καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ Σαλωμὼν, δεῦρο εἰς τὸν οἶκόν σου.
וַ/יִּשְׁלַ֞ח הַ/מֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֗ה וַ/יֹּרִדֻ֨/הוּ֙ מֵ/עַ֣ל הַ/מִּזְבֵּ֔חַ וַ/יָּבֹ֕א וַ/יִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ לַ/מֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה וַ/יֹּֽאמֶר ל֥/וֹ שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה לֵ֥ךְ לְ/בֵיתֶֽ/ךָ