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38:1 Fecit et altare holocausti de lignis setim, quinque cubitorum per quadrum, et trium in altitudine :
* Footnotes
He made also the altar of holocaust of setim wood, five cubits square, and three in height:
38_22 Οὗτος ἐποίησε τὸ θυσιαστήριον τὸ χαλκοῦν ἐκ τῶν πυρείων τῶν χαλκῶν, ἃ ἦσαν τοῖς ἀνδράσιν τοῖς καταστασιάσασι μετὰ τῆς Κορὲ συναγωγῆς·
וַ/יַּ֛עַשׂ אֶת מִזְבַּ֥ח הָ/עֹלָ֖ה עֲצֵ֣י שִׁטִּ֑ים חָמֵשׁ֩ אַמּ֨וֹת אָרְכּ֜/וֹ וְ/חָֽמֵשׁ אַמּ֤וֹת רָחְבּ/וֹ֙ רָב֔וּעַ וְ/שָׁלֹ֥שׁ אַמּ֖וֹת קֹמָתֽ/וֹ
38:2 cujus cornua de angulis procedebant, operuitque illum laminis aeneis.
The horns whereof went out from the corners, and he overlaid it with plates of brass.
καὶ κατεχρύσωσεν αὐτὴν χρωσίῳ καθαρῷ ἔσωθεν καὶ ἔξωθεν·
וַ/יַּ֣עַשׂ קַרְנֹתָ֗י/ו עַ֚ל אַרְבַּ֣ע פִּנֹּתָ֔י/ו מִמֶּ֖/נּוּ הָי֣וּ קַרְנֹתָ֑י/ו וַ/יְצַ֥ף אֹת֖/וֹ נְחֹֽשֶׁת
38:3 Et in usus ejus paravit ex aere vasa diversa, lebetes, forcipes, fuscinulas, uncinos, et ignium receptacula.
And for the uses thereof, he prepared divers vessels of brass, cauldrons, tongs, fleshhooks, pothooks and firepans.
38_23 Οὗτος ἐποίησε πάντα τὰ σκεύη τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου, καὶ τὸ πυρεῖον αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὴν βάσιν, καὶ τὰς φιάλας, καὶ τὰς κρεάγρας τὰς χαλκᾶς·
וַ/יַּ֜עַשׂ אֶֽת כָּל כְּלֵ֣י הַ/מִּזְבֵּ֗חַ אֶת הַ/סִּירֹ֤ת וְ/אֶת הַ/יָּעִים֙ וְ/אֶת הַ/מִּזְרָקֹ֔ת אֶת הַ/מִּזְלָגֹ֖ת וְ/אֶת הַ/מַּחְתֹּ֑ת כָּל כֵּלָ֖י/ו עָשָׂ֥ה נְחֹֽשֶׁת
38:4 Craticulamque ejus in modum retis fecit aeneam, et subter eam in altaris medio arulam,
And he made the grate thereof of brass, in manner of a net, and under it in the midst of the altar a hearth,
εὐρεῖς τοῖς διωστῆρσιν, ὥστε αἴρειν αὐτὴν ἐν αὐτοῖς.
וַ/יַּ֤עַשׂ לַ/מִּזְבֵּ֨חַ֙ מִכְבָּ֔ר מַעֲשֵׂ֖ה רֶ֣שֶׁת נְחֹ֑שֶׁת תַּ֧חַת כַּרְכֻּבּ֛/וֹ מִ/לְּ/מַ֖טָּה עַד חֶצְיֽ/וֹ
38:5 fusis quatuor annulis per totidem retiaculi summitates, ad immittendos vectes ad portandum :
Casting four rings at the four ends of the net at the top, to put in bars to carry it:
Καὶ ἐποίησε τὸ ἱλαστήριον ἐπάνωθεν τῆς κιβωτοῦ ἐκ χρυσίου καθαροῦ,
וַ/יִּצֹ֞ק אַרְבַּ֧ע טַבָּעֹ֛ת בְּ/אַרְבַּ֥ע הַ/קְּצָוֺ֖ת לְ/מִכְבַּ֣ר הַ/נְּחֹ֑שֶׁת בָּתִּ֖ים לַ/בַּדִּֽים
38:6 quos et ipsos fecit de lignis setim, et operuit laminis aeneis :
And he made the bars of setim wood, and overlaid them with plates of brass:
καὶ τοὺς δύο χερουβεὶμ χρυσοῦς·
וַ/יַּ֥עַשׂ אֶת הַ/בַּדִּ֖ים עֲצֵ֣י שִׁטִּ֑ים וַ/יְצַ֥ף אֹתָ֖/ם נְחֹֽשֶׁת
38:7 induxitque in circulos, qui in lateribus altaris eminebant. Ipsum autem altare non erat solidum, sed cavum ex tabulis, et intus vacuum.
And he drew them through the rings that stood out in the sides of the altar. And the altar itself was not solid, but hollow, of boards, and empty within.
38_24 Οὗτος ἐποίησε θυσιαστηρίῳ παράθεμα, ἔργον δικτυωτὸν κάτωθεν τοῦ πυρείου ὑπὸ αὐτὸ ἕως τοῦ ἡμίσους αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἐπέθηκεν αὐτῷ τέσσαρας δακτυλίους ἐκ τῶν τεσσάρων μερῶν τοῦ παραθέματος τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου χαλκοῦς, εὐρεῖς τοῖς μοχλοῖς, ὥστε αἴρειν ἐν αὐτοῖς τὸ θυσιαστήριον·
וַ/יָּבֵ֨א אֶת הַ/בַּדִּ֜ים בַּ/טַּבָּעֹ֗ת עַ֚ל צַלְעֹ֣ת הַ/מִּזְבֵּ֔חַ לָ/שֵׂ֥את אֹת֖/וֹ בָּ/הֶ֑ם נְב֥וּב לֻחֹ֖ת עָשָׂ֥ה אֹתֽ/וֹ
38:8 Fecit et labrum aeneum cum basi sua de speculis mulierum, quae excubabant in ostio tabernaculi.
*H He made also the laver of brass, with the foot thereof, of the mirrors of the women that watched at the door of the tabernacle.
Ver. 8. Mirrors. Formerly all sorts of metal, silver, copper, tin, &c. were used for mirrors, till the Europeans began to make them of glass. The best were made of a mixture of copper and tin. Plin. xxxiii. 9. — Watched. Heb. served like soldiers: fasting and praying, according to the Sept. and Chal. These devout women came thither with great alacrity, to shew their affection towards God, and to consecrate to his service what had hitherto served to nourish vanity. Such were the virgins, mentioned 2 Mac. iii. 19, and those who were abused by the sons of Heli. 1 K. ii. 22. Ann, the prophetess, and our blessed Lady, were thus also employed in the temple. Luke ii. 37. Women kept watch, singing and dancing before the palace of the Persian kings. C. — When the tabernacle was fixed at Silo, small apartments were probably built for the convenience of these pious women. T.
38_26 Οὗτος ἐποίησε τὸν λουτῆρα τὸν χαλκοῦν, καὶ τὴν βάσιν αὐτοῦ χαλκῆν ἐκ τῶν κατόπτρων τῶν νηστευσασῶν, αἳ ἐνήστευσαν παρὰ τὰς θύρας τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου, ἐν ᾗ ἡμέρᾳ ἔπηξεν αὐτήν.
וַ/יַּ֗עַשׂ אֵ֚ת הַ/כִּיּ֣וֹר נְחֹ֔שֶׁת וְ/אֵ֖ת כַּנּ֣/וֹ נְחֹ֑שֶׁת בְּ/מַרְאֹת֙ הַ/צֹּ֣בְאֹ֔ת אֲשֶׁ֣ר צָֽבְא֔וּ פֶּ֖תַח אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד
38:9 Fecit et atrium, in cujus australi plaga erant tentoria de bysso retorta, cubitorum centum,
He made also the court, in the south side whereof were hangings of fine twisted linen of a hundred cubits.
Καὶ ἐποίησε τὴν τράπεζαν τὴν προκειμένην ἐκ χρυσίου καθαροῦ,
וַ/יַּ֖עַשׂ אֶת הֶ/חָצֵ֑ר לִ/פְאַ֣ת נֶ֣גֶב תֵּימָ֗נָ/ה קַלְעֵ֤י הֶֽ/חָצֵר֙ שֵׁ֣שׁ מָשְׁזָ֔ר מֵאָ֖ה בָּ/אַמָּֽה
38:10 columnae aeneae viginti cum basibus suis, capita columnarum, et tota operis caelatura, argentea.
*H Twenty pillars of brass with their sockets, the beads of the pillars, and the whole graving of the work, of silver.
Ver. 10. Brass. The Heb. does not say the pillars were of brass, but only the bases. The body was of wood, encircled with silver, v. 12. See C. xxvii. 10. C.
καὶ ἐχώνευσεν αὐτῇ τέσσαρας δακτυλίους, δύο ἐπὶ τοῦ κλίτους τοῦ ἑνὸς, καὶ δύο ἐπὶ τοῦ κλίτους τοῦ δευτέρου, εὐρεῖς, ὥστε αἴρειν τοῖς διωστῆρσιν ἐν αὐτοῖς.
עַמּוּדֵי/הֶ֣ם עֶשְׂרִ֔ים וְ/אַדְנֵי/הֶ֥ם עֶשְׂרִ֖ים נְחֹ֑שֶׁת וָוֵ֧י הָ/עַמֻּדִ֛ים וַ/חֲשֻׁקֵי/הֶ֖ם כָּֽסֶף
38:11 Aeque ad septentrionalem plagam tentoria columnae, basesque et capita columnarum ejusdem mensurae, et operis ac metalli, erant.
In like manner at the north side the hangings, the pillars, and the sockets and heads of the pillars were of the same measure, and work and metal.
37_9 καὶ τὸ κλίτος τὸ πρὸς Βοῤῥᾶν, ἑκατὸν ἐφʼ ἑκατόν· καὶ τὸ κλίτος τὸ πρὸς Νότον, ἑκατὸν ἐφʼ ἑκατόν· καὶ οἱ στύλοι αὐτῶν εἴκοσι, καὶ αἱ βάσεις αὐτῶν εἴκοσι·
וְ/לִ/פְאַ֤ת צָפוֹן֙ מֵאָ֣ה בָֽ/אַמָּ֔ה עַמּוּדֵי/הֶ֣ם עֶשְׂרִ֔ים וְ/אַדְנֵי/הֶ֥ם עֶשְׂרִ֖ים נְחֹ֑שֶׁת וָוֵ֧י הָֽ/עַמּוּדִ֛ים וַ/חֲשֻׁקֵי/הֶ֖ם כָּֽסֶף
38:12 In ea vero plaga, quae ad occidentem respicit, fuerunt tentoria cubitorum quinquaginta, columnae decem cum basibus suis aeneae, et capita columnarum, et tota operis caelatura, argentea.
But on that side that looketh to the west, there were hangings of fifty cubits, ten pillars of brass with their sockets, and the heads of the pillars, and all the graving of the work, of silver.
37_10 Καὶ τὸ κλίτος τὸ πρὸς θάλασσαν αὐλαῖαι πεντήκοντα πήχεων· στύλοι αὐτῶν δέκα, καὶ αἱ βάσεις αὐτῶν δέκα·
וְ/לִ/פְאַת יָ֗ם קְלָעִים֙ חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים בָּֽ/אַמָּ֔ה עַמּוּדֵי/הֶ֥ם עֲשָׂרָ֔ה וְ/אַדְנֵי/הֶ֖ם עֲשָׂרָ֑ה וָוֵ֧י הָ/עַמֻּדִ֛ים וַ/חֲשׁוּקֵי/הֶ֖ם כָּֽסֶף
38:13 Porro contra orientem quinquaginta cubitorum paravit tentoria :
Moreover, towards the east he prepared hangings of fifty cubits:
Καὶ ἐποίησε τὴν λυχνίαν ἣ φωτίζει, χρυσῆν,
וְ/לִ/פְאַ֛ת קֵ֥דְמָ/ה מִזְרָ֖חָ/ה חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים אַמָּֽה
38:14 e quibus, quindecim cubitos columnarum trium, cum basibus suis, unum tenebat latus :
Fifteen cubits of which, were on one side with three pillars, and their sockets:
στερεὰν τὸν καυλόν, καὶ τοὺς καλαμίσκους ἐξ ἀμφοτέρων τῶν μερῶν αὐτῆς·
קְלָעִ֛ים חֲמֵשׁ עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה אַמָּ֖ה אֶל הַ/כָּתֵ֑ף עַמּוּדֵי/הֶ֣ם שְׁלֹשָׁ֔ה וְ/אַדְנֵי/הֶ֖ם שְׁלֹשָֽׁה
38:15 et in parte altera (quia inter utraque introitum tabernaculi fecit) quindecim aeque cubitorum erant tentoria, columnaeque tres, et bases totidem.
And on the other side (for between the two he made the entry of the tabernacle) there were hangings equally of fifteen cubits, and three pillars, and as many sockets.
ἐκ τῶν καλαμίσκων αὐτῆς οἱ βλαστοὶ ἐκ τῶν καλαμίσκων αὐτῆς οἱ βλαστοὶ ἐξέχοντες· τρεῖς ἐκ τούτου, καὶ τρεῖς ἐκ τούτου, ἐξισούμενοι ἀλλήλοις.
וְ/לַ/כָּתֵ֣ף הַ/שֵּׁנִ֗ית מִ/זֶּ֤ה וּ/מִ/זֶּה֙ לְ/שַׁ֣עַר הֶֽ/חָצֵ֔ר קְלָעִ֕ים חֲמֵ֥שׁ עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה אַמָּ֑ה עַמֻּדֵי/הֶ֣ם שְׁלֹשָׁ֔ה וְ/אַדְנֵי/הֶ֖ם שְׁלֹשָֽׁה
38:16 Cuncta atrii tentoria byssus retorta texuerat.
All the hangings of the court were woven with twisted linen.
Καὶ τὰ λαμπάδια αὐτῶν, ἅ ἐστιν ἐπὶ τῶν ἄκρων, καρυωτὰ ἐξ αὐτῶν· καὶ τὰ ἐνθέμια ἐξ αὐτῶν, ἵνα ὦσιν οἱ λύχνοι ἐπʼ αὐτῶν· καὶ τὸ ἐνθέμιον τὸ ἕβδομον, τὸ ἐπʼ ἄκρου τοῦ λαμπαδίου, ἐπὶ τῆς κορυφῆς ἄνωθεν, στερεὸν ὅλον χρυσοῦν·
כָּל קַלְעֵ֧י הֶ/חָצֵ֛ר סָבִ֖יב שֵׁ֥שׁ מָשְׁזָֽר
38:17 Bases columnarum fuere aeneae, capita autem earum cum cunctis caelaturis suis argentea : sed et ipsas columnas atrii vestivit argento.
*H The sockets of the pillars were of brass, and their heads with all their gravings of silver: and he overlaid the pillars of the court also with silver.
Ver. 17. The, &c. Some render the Heb. "The bases of the pillars were of brass, the hooks of the pillars and circles were of silver, their chaptrels were covered with silver." Bonfrere supposes that the pillars were of the Ionic order, and that the chaptrels here designate the summit or abacus; while the hooks (vuim) mean the voluta, (M.) or bolster, representing the head-dress of virgins in their long hair. Vitruvius. H.
37_15 Καὶ αἱ βάσεις τῶν στύλων αὐτῶν χαλκαῖ, καὶ αἱ ἀγκύλαι αὐτῶν ἀργυραῖ, καὶ αἱ κεφαλίδες αὐτῶν περιηργυρωμέναι ἀργυρίῳ, καὶ οἱ στύλοι περιηργυρωμένοι ἀργυρίῳ πάντες οἱ στύλοι τῆς αὐλῆς·
וְ/הָ/אֲדָנִ֣ים לָֽ/עַמֻּדִים֮ נְחֹשֶׁת֒ וָוֵ֨י הָֽ/עַמּוּדִ֜ים וַ/חֲשׁוּקֵי/הֶם֙ כֶּ֔סֶף וְ/צִפּ֥וּי רָאשֵׁי/הֶ֖ם כָּ֑סֶף וְ/הֵם֙ מְחֻשָּׁקִ֣ים כֶּ֔סֶף כֹּ֖ל עַמֻּדֵ֥י הֶ/חָצֵֽר
38:18 Et in introitu ejus opere plumario fecit tentorium ex hyacintho, purpura, vermiculo, ac bysso retorta, quod habebat viginti cubitos in longitudine, altitudo vero quinque cubitorum erat juxta mensuram, quam cuncta atrii tentoria habebant.
And he made in the entry thereof an embroidered hanging of violet, purple, scarlet, and fine twisted linen, that was twenty cubits long, and five cubits high, according to the measure of all the hangings of the court.
37_16 καὶ τὸ καταπέτασμα τῆς πύλης τῆς αὐλῆς ἔργον ποικιλτοῦ ἐξ ὑακίνθου, καὶ πορφύρας, καὶ κοκκίνου νενησμένου, καὶ βύσσου κεκλωσμένης· εἴκοσι πήχεων τὸ μῆκος, καὶ τὸ ὕψος καὶ τὸ εὖρος πέντε πήχεων ἐξισούμενον τοῖς ἱστίοις τῆς αὐλῆς·
וּ/מָסַ֞ךְ שַׁ֤עַר הֶ/חָצֵר֙ מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה רֹקֵ֔ם תְּכֵ֧לֶת וְ/אַרְגָּמָ֛ן וְ/תוֹלַ֥עַת שָׁנִ֖י וְ/שֵׁ֣שׁ מָשְׁזָ֑ר וְ/עֶשְׂרִ֤ים אַמָּה֙ אֹ֔רֶךְ וְ/קוֹמָ֤ה בְ/רֹ֨חַב֙ חָמֵ֣שׁ אַמּ֔וֹת לְ/עֻמַּ֖ת קַלְעֵ֥י הֶ/חָצֵֽר
38:19 Columnae autem in ingressu fuere quatuor cum basibus aeneis, capitaque earum et caelaturae argenteae.
And the pillars in the entry were four, with sockets of brass, and their heads and gravings of silver.
Οὗτος ἐποίησε καὶ τοὺς κρίκους τῆς σκηνῆς χρυσοῦς, καὶ τοὺς κρίκους τῆς αὐλῆς, καὶ κρίκους εἰς τὸ ἐκτείνειν τὸ κατακάλυμμα ἄνωθεν χαλκοῦς·
וְ/עַמֻּֽדֵי/הֶם֙ אַרְבָּעָ֔ה וְ/אַדְנֵי/הֶ֥ם אַרְבָּעָ֖ה נְחֹ֑שֶׁת וָוֵי/הֶ֣ם כֶּ֔סֶף וְ/צִפּ֧וּי רָאשֵׁי/הֶ֛ם וַ/חֲשֻׁקֵי/הֶ֖ם כָּֽסֶף
38:20 Paxillos quoque tabernaculi et atrii per gyrum fecit aeneos.
The pins also of the tabernacle and of the court round about he made of brass.
Οὗτος ἐχώνευσε τὰς κεφαλίδας τὰς ἀργυρᾶς τῆς σκηνῆς, καὶ τὰς κεφαλίδας τὰς χαλκᾶς τῆς θύρας τῆς σκηνῆς, καὶ τὴν πύλην τῆς αὐλῆς· καὶ ἀγκύλας ἐποίησε τοῖς στύλοις ἀργυρᾶς, ἐπὶ τῶν στύλων οὗτος περιηργύρωσεν αὐτάς·
וְֽ/כָל הַ/יְתֵדֹ֞ת לַ/מִּשְׁכָּ֧ן וְ/לֶ/חָצֵ֛ר סָבִ֖יב נְחֹֽשֶׁת
38:21 Haec sunt instrumenta tabernaculi testimonii, quae enumerata sunt juxta praeceptum Moysi in caeremoniis Levitarum per manum Ithamar filii Aaron sacerdotis :
*H These are the instruments of the tabernacle of the testimony, which were counted according to the commandment of Moses, in the ceremonies of the Levites, by the hand of Ithamar, son of Aaron the priest:
Ver. 21. Ithamar, some time after this, (Num. i. 50,) was appointed to deliver the necessary vessels to the Levites; part of whose duty it was to take down the tabernacle and set it up again, and to keep an account of all things. M.
Οὗτος ἐποίησε τοὺς πασσάλους τῆς σκηνῆς, καὶ τοὺς πασσάλους τῆς αὐλῆς χαλκοῦς·
אֵ֣לֶּה פְקוּדֵ֤י הַ/מִּשְׁכָּן֙ מִשְׁכַּ֣ן הָ/עֵדֻ֔ת אֲשֶׁ֥ר פֻּקַּ֖ד עַל פִּ֣י מֹשֶׁ֑ה עֲבֹדַת֙ הַ/לְוִיִּ֔ם בְּ/יַד֙ אִֽיתָמָ֔ר בֶּֽן אַהֲרֹ֖ן הַ/כֹּהֵֽן
* Summa
*S Part 2,
Ques 101,
Article 4
[I-II, Q. 101, Art. 4]
Whether the Ceremonies of the Old Law Are Suitably Divided into Sacrifices, Sacred Things, Sacraments, and Observances?
Objection 1: It would seem that the ceremonies of the Old Law are unsuitably divided into "sacrifices, sacred things, sacraments, and observances." For the ceremonies of the Old Law foreshadowed Christ. But this was done only by the sacrifices, which foreshadowed the sacrifice in which Christ "delivered Himself an oblation and a sacrifice to God" (Eph. 5:2). Therefore none but the sacrifices were ceremonies.
Obj. 2: Further, the Old Law was ordained to the New. But in the New Law the sacrifice is the Sacrament of the Altar. Therefore in the Old Law there should be no distinction between "sacrifices" and "sacraments."
Obj. 3: Further, a "sacred thing" is something dedicated to God: in which sense the tabernacle and its vessels were said to be consecrated. But all the ceremonial precepts were ordained to the worship of God, as stated above (A. 1). Therefore all ceremonies were sacred things. Therefore "sacred things" should not be taken as a part of the ceremonies.
Obj. 4: Further, "observances" are so called from having to be observed. But all the precepts of the Law had to be observed: for it is written (Deut. 8:11): "Observe [Douay: 'Take heed'] and beware lest at any time thou forget the Lord thy God, and neglect His commandments and judgments and ceremonies." Therefore the "observances" should not be considered as a part of the ceremonies.
Obj. 5: Further, the solemn festivals are reckoned as part of the ceremonial: since they were a shadow of things to come (Col. 2:16, 17): and the same may be said of the oblations and gifts, as appears from the words of the Apostle (Heb. 9:9): and yet these do not seem to be inclined in any of those mentioned above. Therefore the above division of ceremonies is unsuitable.
_On the contrary,_ In the Old Law each of the above is called a ceremony. For the sacrifices are called ceremonies (Num. 15:24): "They shall offer a calf . . . and the sacrifices and libations thereof, as the ceremonies require." Of the sacrament of Order it is written (Lev. 7:35): "This is the anointing of Aaron and his sons in the ceremonies." Of sacred things also it is written (Ex. 38:21): "These are the instruments of the tabernacle of the testimony . . . in the ceremonies of the Levites." And again of the observances it is written (3 Kings 9:6): "If you . . . shall turn away from following Me, and will not observe [Douay: 'keep'] My . . . ceremonies which I have set before you."
_I answer that,_ As stated above (AA. 1, 2), the ceremonial precepts are ordained to the Divine worship. Now in this worship we may consider the worship itself, the worshippers, and the instruments of worship. The worship consists specially in _sacrifices,_ which are offered up in honor of God. The instruments of worship refer to the _sacred things,_ such as the tabernacle, the vessels and so forth. With regard to the worshippers two points may be considered. The first point is their preparation for Divine worship, which is effected by a sort of consecration either of the people or of the ministers; and to this the _sacraments_ refer. The second point is their particular mode of life, whereby they are distinguished from those who do not worship God: and to this pertain the _observances,_ for instance, in matters of food, clothing, and so forth.
Reply Obj. 1: It was necessary for the sacrifices to be offered both in some certain place and by some certain men: and all this pertained to the worship of God. Wherefore just as their sacrifices signified Christ the victim, so too their sacraments and sacred things foreshadowed the sacraments and sacred things of the New Law; while their observances foreshadowed the mode of life of the people under the New Law: all of which things pertain to Christ.
Reply Obj. 2: The sacrifice of the New Law, viz. the Eucharist, contains Christ Himself, the Author of our Sanctification: for He sanctified "the people by His own blood" (Heb. 13:12). Hence this Sacrifice is also a sacrament. But the sacrifices of the Old Law did not contain Christ, but foreshadowed Him; hence they are not called sacraments. In order to signify this there were certain sacraments apart from the sacrifices of the Old Law, which sacraments were figures of the sanctification to come. Nevertheless to certain consecrations certain sacrifices were united.
Reply Obj. 3: The sacrifices and sacraments were of course sacred things. But certain things were sacred, through being dedicated to the Divine worship, and yet were not sacrifices or sacraments: wherefore they retained the common designation of sacred things.
Reply Obj. 4: Those things which pertained to the mode of life of the people who worshipped God, retained the common designation of observances, in so far as they fell short of the above. For they were not called sacred things, because they had no immediate connection with the worship of God, such as the tabernacle and its vessels had. But by a sort of consequence they were matters of ceremony, in so far as they affected the fitness of the people who worshipped God.
Reply Obj. 5: Just as the sacrifices were offered in a fixed place, so were they offered at fixed times: for which reason the solemn festivals seem to be reckoned among the sacred things. The oblations and gifts are counted together with the sacrifices; hence the Apostle says (Heb. 5:1): "Every high-priest taken from among men, is ordained for men in things that appertain to God, that he may offer up gifts and sacrifices." ________________________
38:22 quae Beseleel filius Uri filii Hur de tribu Juda, Domino per Moysen jubente, compleverat,
Which Beseleel, the son of Uri, the son of Hur of the tribe of Juda, had made, as the Lord commanded by Moses.
37_20 Καὶ Βεσελεὴλ ὁ τοῦ Οὐρείου, ἐκ φυλῆς Ἰούδα, ἐποίησε καθὰ συνέταξε Κύριος τῷ Μωυσῇ,
וּ/בְצַלְאֵ֛ל בֶּן אוּרִ֥י בֶן ח֖וּר לְ/מַטֵּ֣ה יְהוּדָ֑ה עָשָׂ֕ה אֵ֛ת כָּל אֲשֶׁר צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה אֶת מֹשֶֽׁה
38:23 juncto sibi socio Ooliab filio Achisamech de tribu Dan : qui et ipse artifex lignorum egregius fuit, et polymitarius atque plumarius ex hyacintho, purpura, vermiculo et bysso.
Having for his companion Ooliab, the son of Achisamech, of the tribe of Dan: who also was an excellent artificer in wood, and worker in tapestry and embroidery in violet, purple, scarlet, and fine linen.
37_21 καὶ Ἐλιὰβ ὁ τοῦ Ἀχισαμὰχ ἐκ φυλῆς Δὰν, ὅς ἠρχιτεκτόνησε τὰ ὑφαντὰ καὶ τὰ ῥαφιδευτὰ καὶ ποικιλτικά, ὑφάναι τῷ κοκκίνῳ καὶ τῇ βύσσῳ.
וְ/אִתּ֗/וֹ אָהֳלִיאָ֞ב בֶּן אֲחִיסָמָ֛ךְ לְ/מַטֵּה דָ֖ן חָרָ֣שׁ וְ/חֹשֵׁ֑ב וְ/רֹקֵ֗ם בַּ/תְּכֵ֨לֶת֙ וּ/בָֽ/אַרְגָּמָ֔ן וּ/בְ/תוֹלַ֥עַת הַ/שָּׁנִ֖י וּ/בַ/שֵּֽׁשׁ
38:24 Omne aurum quod expensum est in opere sanctuarii, et quod oblatum est in donariis, viginti novem talentorum fuit, et septingentorum triginta siclorum ad mensuram sanctuarii.
*H All the gold that was spent in the work of the sanctuary, and that was offered in gifts, was nine and twenty talents, and seven hundred and thirty sicles according to the standard of the sanctuary.
Ver. 24. Gifts, voluntarily. The following verse mentions what arose from the tax of half a sicle per head. C. xxx. 13.
39_1 Πᾶν τὸ χρυσίον, ὃ κατειργάσθη εἰς τὰ ἔργα κατὰ πᾶσαν τὴν ἐργασίαν τῶν ἁγίων, ἐγένετο χρυσίου τοῦ τῆς ἀπαρχῆς, ἐννέα καὶ εἴκοσι τάλαντα, καὶ ἑπτακόσιοι εἴκοσι σίκλοι κατὰ τὸν σίκλον τὸν ἅγιον·
כָּל הַ/זָּהָ֗ב הֶֽ/עָשׂוּי֙ לַ/מְּלָאכָ֔ה בְּ/כֹ֖ל מְלֶ֣אכֶת הַ/קֹּ֑דֶשׁ וַ/יְהִ֣י זְהַ֣ב הַ/תְּנוּפָ֗ה תֵּ֤שַׁע וְ/עֶשְׂרִים֙ כִּכָּ֔ר וּ/שְׁבַ֨ע מֵא֧וֹת וּ/שְׁלֹשִׁ֛ים שֶׁ֖קֶל בְּ/שֶׁ֥קֶל הַ/קֹּֽדֶשׁ
38:25 Oblatum est autem ab his qui transierunt ad numerum a viginti annis et supra, de sexcentis tribus millibus et quingentis quinquaginta armatorum.
*H And it was offered by them that went to be numbered, from twenty years old and upwards, of six hundred and three thousand five hundred and fifty men able to bear arms.
Ver. 25. And it, &c. Heb. is rather more express, "And the silver given by those who were numbered, was a hundred talents, 1775 sicles of the weight of the sanctuary, v. 26. They gave each half a sicle, paid by all those who were 20 years old and upwards, amounting to 603,550 men." Hence the talent would weigh exactly 3000 sicles, (C.) or 12,000 drachmas. Some say that the common talent weighed 100 pounds, and that of the sanctuary 120, each pound containing 25 sicles. D.
39_2 Καὶ ἀργυρίου ἀφαίρεμα παρὰ τῶν ἐπεσκεμμένων ἀνδρῶν τῆς συναγωγῆς ἑκατὸν τάλαντα, καὶ χίλιοι ἑπτακόσιοι ἑβδομηκονταπέντε σίκλοι· δραχμὴ μία τῇ κεφαλῇ τὸ ἥμισυ τοῦ σίκλου, κατὰ τὸν σίκλον τὸν ἅγιον·
וְ/כֶ֛סֶף פְּקוּדֵ֥י הָ/עֵדָ֖ה מְאַ֣ת כִּכָּ֑ר וְ/אֶלֶף֩ וּ/שְׁבַ֨ע מֵא֜וֹת וַ/חֲמִשָּׁ֧ה וְ/שִׁבְעִ֛ים שֶׁ֖קֶל בְּ/שֶׁ֥קֶל הַ/קֹּֽדֶשׁ
38:26 Fuerunt praeterea centum talenta argenti e quibus conflatae sunt bases sanctuarii, et introitus, ubi velum pendet.
There were moreover a hundred talents of silver, whereof were cast the sockets of the sanctuary, and of the entry where the veil hangeth.
39_3 Πᾶς ὁ παραπορευόμενος τὴν ἐπίσκεψιν ἀπὸ εἰκοσαετοῦς καὶ ἐπάνω εἰς τὰς ἑξήκοντα μυριάδας, καὶ τρισχίλιοι πεντακόσιοι καὶ πεντήκοντα.
בֶּ֚קַע לַ/גֻּלְגֹּ֔לֶת מַחֲצִ֥ית הַ/שֶּׁ֖קֶל בְּ/שֶׁ֣קֶל הַ/קֹּ֑דֶשׁ לְ/כֹ֨ל הָ/עֹבֵ֜ר עַל הַ/פְּקֻדִ֗ים מִ/בֶּ֨ן עֶשְׂרִ֤ים שָׁנָה֙ וָ/מַ֔עְלָ/ה לְ/שֵׁשׁ מֵא֥וֹת אֶ֨לֶף֙ וּ/שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת אֲלָפִ֔ים וַ/חֲמֵ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת וַ/חֲמִשִּֽׁים
38:27 Centum bases factae sunt de talentis centum, singulis talentis per bases singulas supputatis.
A hundred sockets were made of a hundred talents, one talent being reckoned for every socket.
καί ποιέω ὁ λουτήρ ἵνα νίπτω ἐκ αὐτός Μωσεύς καί Ἀαρών καί ὁ υἱός αὐτός ὁ χείρ αὐτός καί ὁ πούς εἰσπορεύομαι αὐτός εἰς ὁ σκηνή ὁ μαρτύριον ἤ ὅταν προσπορεύομαι πρός ὁ θυσιαστήριον λειτουργέω νίπτω ἐκ αὐτός καθάπερ συντάσσω κύριος ὁ Μωσεύς
וַ/יְהִ֗י מְאַת֙ כִּכַּ֣ר הַ/כֶּ֔סֶף לָ/צֶ֗קֶת אֵ֚ת אַדְנֵ֣י הַ/קֹּ֔דֶשׁ וְ/אֵ֖ת אַדְנֵ֣י הַ/פָּרֹ֑כֶת מְאַ֧ת אֲדָנִ֛ים לִ/מְאַ֥ת הַ/כִּכָּ֖ר כִּכָּ֥ר לָ/אָֽדֶן
38:28 De mille autem septingentis et septuaginta quinque, fecit capita columnarum, quas et ipsas vestivit argento.
And of the thousand seven hundred and seventy-five he made the heads of the pillars, which also he overlaid with silver.
39_6 Καὶ τοὺς χιλίους ἑπτακοσίους ἑβδομηκοντα πέντε σίκλους ἐποίησεν εἰς τὰς ἀγκύλας τοῖς στύλοις· καὶ κατεχρύσωσε τὰς κεφαλίδας αὐτῶν, καὶ κατεκόσμησεν αὐτούς.
וְ/אֶת הָ/אֶ֜לֶף וּ/שְׁבַ֤ע הַ/מֵּאוֹת֙ וַ/חֲמִשָּׁ֣ה וְ/שִׁבְעִ֔ים עָשָׂ֥ה וָוִ֖ים לָ/עַמּוּדִ֑ים וְ/צִפָּ֥ה רָאשֵׁי/הֶ֖ם וְ/חִשַּׁ֥ק אֹתָֽ/ם
38:29 Aeris quoque oblata sunt talenta septuaginta duo millia, et quadringenti supra sicli,
*H And there were offered of brass also seventy-two thousand talents, and four hundred sicles besides,
Ver. 29. Seventy. Heb. confines the number of talents to 70, and allows "two thousand and four hundred sicles." The Greek interpreters vary.
39_7 Καὶ ὁ χαλκὸς τοῦ ἀφαιρέματος ἑβδομήκοντα τάλαντα, καὶ χίλιοι πεντακόσιοι σίκλοι·
וּ/נְחֹ֥שֶׁת הַ/תְּנוּפָ֖ה שִׁבְעִ֣ים כִּכָּ֑ר וְ/אַלְפַּ֥יִם וְ/אַרְבַּע מֵא֖וֹת שָֽׁקֶל
38:30 ex quibus fusae sunt bases in introitu tabernaculi testimonii, et altare aeneum cum craticula sua, omniaque vasa quae ad usum ejus pertinent,
Of which were cast the sockets in the entry of the tabernacle of the testimony, and the altar of brass with the grate thereof, and also the vessels that belong to the use thereof.
39_8 Καὶ ἐποίησαν ἐξ αὐτον τὰς βάσεις τῆς θύρας τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου,
וַ/יַּ֣עַשׂ בָּ֗/הּ אֶת אַדְנֵי֙ פֶּ֚תַח אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֔ד וְ/אֵת֙ מִזְבַּ֣ח הַ/נְּחֹ֔שֶׁת וְ/אֶת מִכְבַּ֥ר הַ/נְּחֹ֖שֶׁת אֲשֶׁר ל֑/וֹ וְ/אֵ֖ת כָּל כְּלֵ֥י הַ/מִּזְבֵּֽחַ
38:31 et bases atrii tam in circuitu quam in ingressu ejus, et paxilli tabernaculi atque atrii per gyrum.
And the sockets of the court as well round about as in the entry thereof, and the pins of the tabernacle, and of the court round about.
39_9 καὶ τὰς βάσεις τῆς αὐλῆς κύκλῳ, καὶ τὰς βάσεις τῆς πύλης τῆς αὐλῆς, καὶ τοὺς πασσάλους τῆς σκηνῆς, καὶ τοὺς πασσάλους τῆς αὐλῆς κύκλῳ,
וְ/אֶת אַדְנֵ֤י הֶֽ/חָצֵר֙ סָבִ֔יב וְ/אֶת אַדְנֵ֖י שַׁ֣עַר הֶ/חָצֵ֑ר וְ/אֵ֨ת כָּל יִתְדֹ֧ת הַ/מִּשְׁכָּ֛ן וְ/אֶת כָּל יִתְדֹ֥ת הֶ/חָצֵ֖ר סָבִֽיב