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40:1 His ita gestis, accidit ut peccarent duo eunuchi, pincerna regis Aegypti, et pistor, domino suo.
* Footnotes
*H After this, it came to pass, that two eunuchs, the butler and the baker of the king of Egypt, offended their lord.
Ver. 1. Two eunuchs; chief officers, and high in dignity, as the Heb. expresses it, v. 2. H. — Offended, perhaps, by stealing, or by some treasonable conspiracy. M.
Ἐγένετο δὲ μετὰ τὰ ῥήματα ταῦτα, ἥμαρτεν ὁ ἀρχιοινοχόος τοῦ βασιλέως Αἰγύπτου, καὶ ὁ ἀρχισιτοποιὸς, τῷ κυρίῳ αὐτῶν βασιλεῖ Αἰγύπτου.
וַ/יְהִ֗י אַחַר֙ הַ/דְּבָרִ֣ים הָ/אֵ֔לֶּה חָֽטְא֛וּ מַשְׁקֵ֥ה מֶֽלֶךְ מִצְרַ֖יִם וְ/הָ/אֹפֶ֑ה לַ/אֲדֹנֵי/הֶ֖ם לְ/מֶ֥לֶךְ מִצְרָֽיִם
40:2 Iratusque contra eos Pharao (nam alter pincernis praeerat, alter pistoribus),
*H And Pharao being angry with them, (now the one was chief butler, the other chief baker,)
Ver. 2. And, &c. Heb. "Pharao was enraged against two of his officers; against the chief of the butlers," &c. Mashkim. S. Jerom translates this word procurator domus, "steward of the house." C. xv. 2. No slave was entrusted with these high offices in the courts of Egypt and of Persia.
Καὶ ὠργίσθη Φαραὼ ἐπὶ τοῖς δυσὶν εὐνούχοις αὐτοῦ, ἐπὶ τῷ ἀρχιοινοχόῳ, καὶ ἐπὶ τῷ ἀρχισιτοποιῷ·
וַ/יִּקְצֹ֣ף פַּרְעֹ֔ה עַ֖ל שְׁנֵ֣י סָרִיסָ֑י/ו עַ֚ל שַׂ֣ר הַ/מַּשְׁקִ֔ים וְ/עַ֖ל שַׂ֥ר הָ/אוֹפִֽים
40:3 misit eos in carcerem principis militum, in quo erat vinctus et Joseph.
*H He sent them to the prison of the commander of the soldiers, in which Joseph also was prisoner.
Ver. 3. Commander. Putiphar. C. — Prisoner, though his chains were struck off. M.
Καὶ ἔθετο αὐτοὺς ἐν φυλακῇ εἰς τὸ δεσμωτήριον, εἰς τὸν τόπον, οὗ Ἰωσὴφ ἀπῆκτο ἐκεῖ.
וַ/יִּתֵּ֨ן אֹתָ֜/ם בְּ/מִשְׁמַ֗ר בֵּ֛ית שַׂ֥ר הַ/טַבָּחִ֖ים אֶל בֵּ֣ית הַ/סֹּ֑הַר מְק֕וֹם אֲשֶׁ֥ר יוֹסֵ֖ף אָס֥וּר שָֽׁם
40:4 At custos carceris tradidit eos Joseph, qui et ministrabat eis : aliquantulum temporis fluxerat, et illi in custodia tenebantur.
But the keeper of the prison delivered them to Joseph, and he served them. Some little time passed, and they were kept in custody.
Καὶ συνέστησεν ὁ ἀρχιδεσμώτης τῷ Ἰωσὴφ αὐτούς· καὶ παρέστη αὐτοῖς· ἦσαν δὲ ἡμέρας ἐν τῇ φυλακῇ.
וַ֠/יִּפְקֹד שַׂ֣ר הַ/טַּבָּחִ֧ים אֶת יוֹסֵ֛ף אִתָּ֖/ם וַ/יְשָׁ֣רֶת אֹתָ֑/ם וַ/יִּהְי֥וּ יָמִ֖ים בְּ/מִשְׁמָֽר
40:5 Videruntque ambo somnium nocte una, juxta interpretationem congruam sibi :
*H And they both dreamed a dream the same night, according to the interpretation agreeing to themselves:
Ver. 5. According to, &c. foreshewing what would happen to them, as Joseph afterwards interpreted the dreams. T.
Καὶ εἶδον ἀμφότεροι ἐνύπνιον ἐν μιᾷ νυκτί· ἡ δὲ ὅρασις τοῦ ἐνυπνίου τοῦ ἀρχιοινοχόου καὶ ἀρχισιτοποιοῦ, οἳ ἦσαν τῷ βασιλεῖ Αἰγύπτου, οἱ ὄντες ἐν τῷ δεσμωτηρίῳ, ἦν αὕτη.
וַ/יַּֽחַלְמוּ֩ חֲל֨וֹם שְׁנֵי/הֶ֜ם אִ֤ישׁ חֲלֹמ/וֹ֙ בְּ/לַ֣יְלָה אֶחָ֔ד אִ֖ישׁ כְּ/פִתְר֣וֹן חֲלֹמ֑/וֹ הַ/מַּשְׁקֶ֣ה וְ/הָ/אֹפֶ֗ה אֲשֶׁר֙ לְ/מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲסוּרִ֖ים בְּ/בֵ֥ית הַ/סֹּֽהַר
40:6 ad quos cum introisset Joseph mane, et vidisset eos tristes,
And when Joseph was come into them in the morning, and saw them sad,
Εἰσῆλθε πρὸς αὐτοὺς Ἰωσὴφ τὸ πρωῒ, καὶ εἶδεν αὐτοὺς, καὶ ἦσαν τεταραγμένοι.
וַ/יָּבֹ֧א אֲלֵי/הֶ֛ם יוֹסֵ֖ף בַּ/בֹּ֑קֶר וַ/יַּ֣רְא אֹתָ֔/ם וְ/הִנָּ֖/ם זֹעֲפִֽים
40:7 sciscitatus est eos, dicens : Cur tristior est hodie solito facies vestra ?
He asked them, saying: Why is your countenance sadder today than usual?
Καὶ ἠρώτα τοὺς εὐνούχους Φαραὼ, οἳ ἦσαν μετʼ αὐτοῦ ἐν τῇ φυλακῇ παρὰ τῷ κυρίῳ αὐτοῦ, λέγων, τί ὅτι τὰ πρόσωπα ὑμῶν σκυθρωπὰ σήμερον;
וַ/יִּשְׁאַ֞ל אֶת סְרִיסֵ֣י פַרְעֹ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר אִתּ֧/וֹ בְ/מִשְׁמַ֛ר בֵּ֥ית אֲדֹנָ֖י/ו לֵ/אמֹ֑ר מַדּ֛וּעַ פְּנֵי/כֶ֥ם רָעִ֖ים הַ/יּֽוֹם
40:8 Qui responderunt : Somnium vidimus, et non est qui interpretetur nobis. Dixitque ad eos Joseph : Numquid non Dei est interpretatio ? referte mihi quid videritis.
*H They answered: We have dreamed a dream, and there is nobody to interpret it to us. And Joseph said to them: Doth not interpretation belong to God? Tell me what you have dreamed:
Ver. 8. Doth not interpretation belong to God? When dreams are from God, as these were, the interpretation of them is a gift of God. But the generality of dreams are not of this sort; but either proceed from the natural complexions and dispositions of persons, or the roving of their imaginations in the day on such objects as they are much affected with, or from their mind being disturbed with cares and troubles, and oppressed with bodily infirmities: or they are suggested by evil spirits, to flatter, or to terrify weak minds; in order to gain belief, and so draw them into error or superstition; or at least to trouble them in their sleep, whom they cannot move while they are awake: so that the general rule, with regard to dreams, is not to observe them, nor to give any credit to them. Ch. — Physicians indeed, sometimes from some judgment of the nature of a distemper from dreams; on which subject, Hippocrates and Galen have written. But to pretend to discover by them the future actions of free agents, would be superstitious. Deut. xviii. 10. T. — Justin (xxxvi. 2,) says, "Joseph was the first interpreter of dreams, and often gave proofs of his knowledge," &c.
Οἱ δὲ εἶπαν αὐτῷ, ἐνύπνιον εἴδομεν, καὶ ὁ συγκρίνων οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτό· εἶπε δὲ αὐτοῖς Ἰωσὴφ, οὐχὶ διὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡ διασάφησις αὐτῶν ἐστι; διηγήσασθε οὖν μοὶ.
וַ/יֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלָ֔י/ו חֲל֣וֹם חָלַ֔מְנוּ וּ/פֹתֵ֖ר אֵ֣ין אֹת֑/וֹ וַ/יֹּ֨אמֶר אֲלֵ/הֶ֜ם יוֹסֵ֗ף הֲ/ל֤וֹא לֵֽ/אלֹהִים֙ פִּתְרֹנִ֔ים סַפְּרוּ נָ֖א לִֽ/י
40:9 Narravit prior, praepositus pincernarum, somnium suum : Videbam coram me vitem,
The chief butler first told his dream: I saw before me a vine,
Καὶ διηγήσατο ὁ ἀρχιοινοχόος τὸ ἐνύπνιον αὐτοῦ τῷ Ἰωσήφ· καὶ εἶπεν, ἐν τῷ ὕπνῳ μου ἦν ἄμπελος ἐναντίον μου.
וַ/יְסַפֵּ֧ר שַֽׂר הַ/מַּשְׁקִ֛ים אֶת חֲלֹמ֖/וֹ לְ/יוֹסֵ֑ף וַ/יֹּ֣אמֶר ל֔/וֹ בַּ/חֲלוֹמִ֕/י וְ/הִנֵּה גֶ֖פֶן לְ/פָנָֽ/י
40:10 in qua erant tres propagines, crescere paulatim in gemmas, et post flores uvas maturescere :
On which were three branches, which by little and little sent out buds, and after the blossoms brought forth ripe grapes:
Ἐν δὲ τῇ ἀμπέλῳ τρεῖς πυθμένες, καὶ αὐτὴ θάλλουσα, ἀνενηνοχυῖα βλαστούς· πέπειροι οἱ βότρυες σταφυλῆς.
וּ/בַ/גֶּ֖פֶן שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה שָׂרִיגִ֑ם וְ/הִ֤יא כְ/פֹרַ֨חַת֙ עָלְתָ֣ה נִצָּ֔/הּ הִבְשִׁ֥ילוּ אַשְׁכְּלֹתֶ֖י/הָ עֲנָבִֽים
40:11 calicemque Pharaonis in manu mea : tuli ergo uvas, et expressi in calicem quem tenebam, et tradidi poculum Pharaoni.
And the cup of Pharao was in my hand: and I took the grapes, and pressed them into the cup which I held, and I gave the cup to Pharao.
Καὶ τὸ ποτήριον Φαραὼ ἐν τῇ χειρί μου· καὶ ἔλαβον τὴν σταφυλὴν, καὶ ἐξέθλιψα αὐτὴν εἰς τὸ ποτήριον, καὶ ἔδωκα τὸ ποτήριον εἰς τὴν χεῖρα Φαραώ.
וְ/כ֥וֹס פַּרְעֹ֖ה בְּ/יָדִ֑/י וָ/אֶקַּ֣ח אֶת הָֽ/עֲנָבִ֗ים וָֽ/אֶשְׂחַ֤ט אֹתָ/ם֙ אֶל כּ֣וֹס פַּרְעֹ֔ה וָ/אֶתֵּ֥ן אֶת הַ/כּ֖וֹס עַל כַּ֥ף פַּרְעֹֽה
40:12 Respondit Joseph : Haec est interpretatio somnii : tres propagines, tres adhuc dies sunt :
Joseph answered: This is the interpretation of the dream: The three branches, are yet three days:
Καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ Ἰωσὴφ, τοῦτο ἡ σύγκρίσις αὐτοῦ· οἱ τρεῖς πυθμένες, τρεῖς ἡμέραι εἰσίν.
וַ/יֹּ֤אמֶר ל/וֹ֙ יוֹסֵ֔ף זֶ֖ה פִּתְרֹנ֑/וֹ שְׁלֹ֨שֶׁת֙ הַ/שָּׂ֣רִגִ֔ים שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת יָמִ֖ים הֵֽם
40:13 post quos recordabitur Pharao ministerii tui, et restituet te in gradum pristinum : dabisque ei calicem juxta officium tuum, sicut ante facere consueveras.
After which Pharao will remember thy service, and will restore thee to thy former place: and thou shalt present him the cup according to thy office, as before thou was wont to do.
Ετι τρεῖς ἡμέραι, καὶ μνησθήσεται Φαραὼ τῆς ἀρχῆς σου, καὶ ἀποκαταστήσει σε ἐπὶ τὴν ἀρχιοινοχοΐαν σου, καὶ δώσεις τὸ ποτήριον Φαραὼ εἰς τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ κατὰ τὴν ἀρχήν σου τὴν προτέραν, ὡς ἦσθα οἰνοχοῶν.
בְּ/ע֣וֹד שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֗ים יִשָּׂ֤א פַרְעֹה֙ אֶת רֹאשֶׁ֔/ךָ וַ/הֲשִֽׁיבְ/ךָ֖ עַל כַּנֶּ֑/ךָ וְ/נָתַתָּ֤ כוֹס פַּרְעֹה֙ בְּ/יָד֔/וֹ כַּ/מִּשְׁפָּט֙ הָֽ/רִאשׁ֔וֹן אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָיִ֖יתָ מַשְׁקֵֽ/הוּ
40:14 Tantum memento mei, cum bene tibi fuerit, et facias mecum misericordiam : ut suggeras Pharaoni ut educat me de isto carcere :
*H Only remember me when it shall be well with thee, and do me this kindness: to put Pharao in mind to take me out of this prison:
Ver. 14. Prison, after examining into the justice of my cause.
Ἀλλὰ μνήσθητί μου διὰ σεαυτοῦ, ὅταν εὖ γενηταί σοι· καὶ ποιήσεις ἐν ἐμοὶ ἔλεος· καὶ μνησθήσῃ περὶ ἐμοῦ πρὸς Φαραὼ, καὶ ἐξάξεις με ἐκ τοῦ ὀχυρώματος τούτου.
כִּ֧י אִם זְכַרְתַּ֣/נִי אִתְּ/ךָ֗ כַּ/אֲשֶׁר֙ יִ֣יטַב לָ֔/ךְ וְ/עָשִֽׂיתָ נָּ֥א עִמָּדִ֖/י חָ֑סֶד וְ/הִזְכַּרְתַּ֨/נִי֙ אֶל פַּרְעֹ֔ה וְ/הוֹצֵאתַ֖/נִי מִן הַ/בַּ֥יִת הַ/זֶּֽה
40:15 quia furto sublatus sum de terra Hebraeorum, et hic innocens in lacum missus sum.
*H For I was stolen away out of the land of the Hebrews, and here without any fault was cast into the dungeon.
Ver. 15. Hebrews. Chanaan, a foreign land with respect to Egypt, as was also Mesopotamia, where he was born. H. — Joseph only maintains his own innocence, without accusing any one. M.
Ὅτι κλοπῇ ἐκλάπην ἐκ γῆς Ἑβραίων, καὶ ὧδε οὐκ ἐποίησα οὐδὲν, ἀλλʼ ἐνέβαλόν με εἰς τὸν λάκκον τοῦτον.
כִּֽי גֻנֹּ֣ב גֻּנַּ֔בְתִּי מֵ/אֶ֖רֶץ הָ/עִבְרִ֑ים וְ/גַם פֹּה֙ לֹא עָשִׂ֣יתִֽי מְא֔וּמָה כִּֽי שָׂמ֥וּ אֹתִ֖/י בַּ/בּֽוֹר
40:16 Videns pistorum magister quod prudenter somnium dissolvisset, ait : Et ego vidi somnium : quod tria canistra farinae haberem super caput meum :
*H The chief baker seeing that he had wisely interpreted the dream, said: I also dreamed a dream, That I had three baskets of meal upon my head:
Ver. 16. Of meal. Heb. may also mean "white, full of holes," &c.
Καὶ εἶδεν ὁ ἀρχισιτοποιὸς ὅτι ὀρθῶς συνέκριεν· καὶ εἶπε τῷ Ἰωσὴφ, κᾀγὼ εἶδον ἐνύπνιον· καὶ ᾤμην τρία κανᾶ χονδριτῶν αἴρειν ἐπὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς μου·
וַ/יַּ֥רְא שַׂר הָ/אֹפִ֖ים כִּ֣י ט֣וֹב פָּתָ֑ר וַ/יֹּ֨אמֶר֙ אֶל יוֹסֵ֔ף אַף אֲנִי֙ בַּ/חֲלוֹמִ֔/י וְ/הִנֵּ֗ה שְׁלֹשָׁ֛ה סַלֵּ֥י חֹרִ֖י עַל רֹאשִֽׁ/י
40:17 et in uno canistro quod erat excelsius, portare me omnes cibos qui fiunt arte pistoria, avesque comedere ex eo.
And that in one basket which was uppermost, I carried all meats that are made by the art of baking, and that the birds ate out of it.
Ἐν δὲ κανῷ τῷ ἐπάνω ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν γενῶν, ὧν Φαραὼ ἐσθίει, ἔργον σιτοποιοῦ, καὶ τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανου κατήσθιεν αὐτὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ κανοῦ τοῦ ἐπάνω τῆς κεφαλῆς μου.
וּ/בַ/סַּ֣ל הָֽ/עֶלְי֔וֹן מִ/כֹּ֛ל מַאֲכַ֥ל פַּרְעֹ֖ה מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה אֹפֶ֑ה וְ/הָ/ע֗וֹף אֹכֵ֥ל אֹתָ֛/ם מִן הַ/סַּ֖ל מֵ/עַ֥ל רֹאשִֽׁ/י
40:18 Respondit Joseph : Haec est interpretatio somnii : tria canistra, tres adhuc dies sunt :
Joseph answered: This is the interpretation of the dream: The three baskets, are yet three days:
Ἀποκριθεὶς δὲ Ἰωσὴφ εἶπεν αὐτῷ, αὕτη ἡ σύγκρισις αὐτοῦ· τὰ τρία κανᾶ, τρεῖς ἡμέραι εἰσίν·
וַ/יַּ֤עַן יוֹסֵף֙ וַ/יֹּ֔אמֶר זֶ֖ה פִּתְרֹנ֑/וֹ שְׁלֹ֨שֶׁת֙ הַ/סַּלִּ֔ים שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת יָמִ֖ים הֵֽם
40:19 post quos auferet Pharao caput tuum, ac suspendet te in cruce, et lacerabunt volucres carnes tuas.
*H After which Pharao will take thy head from thee, and hang thee on a cross, and the birds shall tear thy flesh.
Ver. 19. From thee, by decapitation. This was customary, when a person's body was to be hung on the cross or gibbet. Deut. xxi. 22. Jos. x. 26. Lament. v. 12. 1 K. xxxi. 10. — Birds. So Horace says, pasces in cruce corvos.
Ἔτι τριῶν ἡμερῶν, καὶ ἀφελεῖ Φαραὼ τὴν κεφαλήν σου ἀπὸ σου· καὶ κρεμάσει σε ἐπὶ ξύλου, καὶ φάγεται τὰ ὄρνεα τοῦ οὐρανοῦ τὰς σάρκας σου ἀπὸ σοῦ.
בְּ/ע֣וֹד שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֗ים יִשָּׂ֨א פַרְעֹ֤ה אֶת רֹֽאשְׁ/ךָ֙ מֵֽ/עָלֶ֔י/ךָ וְ/תָלָ֥ה אוֹתְ/ךָ֖ עַל עֵ֑ץ וְ/אָכַ֥ל הָ/ע֛וֹף אֶת בְּשָׂרְ/ךָ֖ מֵ/עָלֶֽי/ךָ
40:20 Exinde dies tertius natalitius Pharaonis erat : qui faciens grande convivium pueris suis, recordatus est inter epulas magistri pincernarum, et pistorum principis.
*H The third day after this was the birthday of Pharao: and he made a great feast for his servants, and at the banquet remembered the chief butler, and the chief baker.
Ver. 20. Birth-day. This was a common practice among the pagans. S. Matt. xiv. 6. 2 Mac. vi. 7. C.
Ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ τρίτῃ, ἡμέρα γενέσεως ἦν Φαραὼ, καὶ ἐποίει πότον πᾶσι τοῖς παισὶν αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἐμνήσθη τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦ οἰνοχόου καὶ τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦ σιτοποιοῦ ἐν μέσῳ τῶν παίδων αὐτοῦ.
וַ/יְהִ֣י בַּ/יּ֣וֹם הַ/שְּׁלִישִׁ֗י י֚וֹם הֻלֶּ֣דֶת אֶת פַּרְעֹ֔ה וַ/יַּ֥עַשׂ מִשְׁתֶּ֖ה לְ/כָל עֲבָדָ֑י/ו וַ/יִּשָּׂ֞א אֶת רֹ֣אשׁ שַׂ֣ר הַ/מַּשְׁקִ֗ים וְ/אֶת רֹ֛אשׁ שַׂ֥ר הָ/אֹפִ֖ים בְּ/ת֥וֹךְ עֲבָדָֽי/ו
40:21 Restituitque alterum in locum suum, ut porrigeret ei poculum :
And he restored the one to his place, to present him the cup:
Καὶ ἀποκατέστησε τὸν ἀρχιοινοχόον ἐπὶ τὴν ἀρχὴν αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἔδωκε τὸ ποτήριον εἰς τὴν χεῖρα Φαραώ.
וַ/יָּ֛שֶׁב אֶת שַׂ֥ר הַ/מַּשְׁקִ֖ים עַל מַשְׁקֵ֑/הוּ וַ/יִּתֵּ֥ן הַ/כּ֖וֹס עַל כַּ֥ף פַּרְעֹֽה
40:22 alterum suspendit in patibulo, ut conjectoris veritas probaretur.
*H The other he hanged on a gibbet, that the truth of the interpreter might be shewn.
Ver. 22. That, &c. Thus was verified the prediction of Joseph. M.
Τὸν δὲ ἀρχισιτοποιὸν ἐκρέμασεν, καθὰ συνέκρινεν αὐτοῖς Ἰωσήφ.
וְ/אֵ֛ת שַׂ֥ר הָ/אֹפִ֖ים תָּלָ֑ה כַּ/אֲשֶׁ֥ר פָּתַ֛ר לָ/הֶ֖ם יוֹסֵֽף
40:23 Et tamen succedentibus prosperis, praepositus pincernarum oblitus est interpretis sui.
*H But the chief butler, when things prospered with him, forgot his interpreter.
Ver. 23. Forgot. A thing too common among those who enjoy prosperity! H. — God would not have his servants to trust in men. D. — The butler was a figure of the good thief, as the baker represented the impenitent one, between whom our Saviour hung on the cross. C.
Καὶ οὐκ ἐμνήσθη ὁ ἀρχιοινοχόος τοῦ Ἰωσὴφ, ἀλλαʼ ἐπελάθετο αὐτοῦ.
וְ/לֹֽא זָכַ֧ר שַֽׂר הַ/מַּשְׁקִ֛ים אֶת יוֹסֵ֖ף וַ/יִּשְׁכָּחֵֽ/הוּ