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14:1 Et venerunt ad me viri seniorum Israel, et sederunt coram me.
* Footnotes
And some of the ancients of Israel came to me, and sat before me.
Καὶ ἦλθον πρὸς μὲ ἐκ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων ἄνδρες τοῦ λαοῦ Ἰσραὴλ καὶ ἐκάθισαν πρὸ προσώπου μου.
וַ/יָּב֤וֹא אֵלַ/י֙ אֲנָשִׁ֔ים מִ/זִּקְנֵ֖י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַ/יֵּשְׁב֖וּ לְ/פָנָֽ/י
14:2 Et factus est sermo Domini ad me, dicens :
And the word of the Lord came to me, saying:
Καὶ ἐγένετο πρὸς μὲ λόγος Κυρίου, λέγων,
וַ/יְהִ֥י דְבַר יְהוָ֖ה אֵלַ֥/י לֵ/אמֹֽר
14:3 Fili hominis, viri isti posuerunt immunditias suas in cordibus suis, et scandalum iniquitatis suae statuerunt contra faciem suam : numquid interrogatus respondebo eis ?
*H Son of man, these men have placed their uncleannesses in their hearts, and have set up before their face the stumblingblock of their iniquity: and shall I answer when they inquire of me?
Ver. 3. Uncleanness. That is, their filthy idols, upon which they have set their hearts: and which are a stumbling-block to their souls. Ch. — They came, it seems, to tempt the prophet, (C.) as God shewed him. Thus worldlings consult Catholic priests; yet are resolved to join with heretics. W.
υἱὲ ἀνθρώπου, οἱ ἄνδρες οὗτοι ἔθεντο τὰ διανοήματα αὐτῶν ἐπὶ τὰς καρδίας αὐτῶν, καὶ τὴν κόλασιν τῶν ἀδικιῶν αὐτῶν ἔθηκαν πρὸ προσώπου αὐτῶν· εἰ ἀποκρινόμενος ἀποκριθῶ αὐτοῖς;
בֶּן אָדָ֗ם הָ/אֲנָשִׁ֤ים הָ/אֵ֨לֶּה֙ הֶעֱל֤וּ גִלּֽוּלֵי/הֶם֙ עַל לִבָּ֔/ם וּ/מִכְשׁ֣וֹל עֲוֺנָ֔/ם נָתְנ֖וּ נֹ֣כַח פְּנֵי/הֶ֑ם הַ/אִדָּרֹ֥שׁ אִדָּרֵ֖שׁ לָ/הֶֽם
14:4 Propter hoc loquere eis, et dices ad eos : Haec dicit Dominus Deus : Homo, homo de domo Israel, qui posuerit immunditias suas in corde suo, et scandalum iniquitatis suae statuerit contra faciem suam, et venerit ad prophetam interrogans per eum me : ego Dominus respondebo ei in multitudine immunditiarum suarum,
*H Therefore speak to them, and say to them: Thus saith the Lord God: Man, man of the house of Israel that shall place his uncleannesses in his heart, and set up the stumblingblock of his iniquity before his face, and shall come to the prophet inquiring of me by him: I the Lord will answer him according to the multitude of his uncleannesses:
Ver. 4. According. Heb. "in (C.) the multitude of his idols." H. — I will still disclose the truth; (Chal.) or a false prophet is here spoken of, whom God will suffer to deceive those who wish to be deluded. He will not have his own prophets speak an untruth. See 3 K. xxii. 10. Christ evaded the insidious questions of his enemies. Mat. xxi. 23. C.
Διατοῦτο λάλησον αὐτοῖς, καὶ ἐρεῖς πρὸς αὐτοὺς, τάδε λέγει Κύριος, ἄνθρωπος ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τοῦ οἴκου Ἰσραὴλ, ὃς ἂν θῇ τὰ διανοήματα αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὴν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὴν κόλασιν τῆς ἀδικίας αὐτοῦ τάξῃ πρὸ προσώπου αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔλθῃ πρὸς τὸν προφήτην, ἐγὼ Κύριος ἀποκριθήσομαι αὐτῷ ἐν οἷς ἐνέχεται ἡ διάνοια αὐτοῦ,
לָ/כֵ֣ן דַּבֵּר א֠וֹתָ/ם וְ/אָמַרְתָּ֨ אֲלֵי/הֶ֜ם כֹּה אָמַ֣ר אֲדֹנָ֣/י יְהוִ֗ה אִ֣ישׁ אִ֣ישׁ מִ/בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֡ל אֲשֶׁר֩ יַעֲלֶ֨ה אֶת גִּלּוּלָ֜י/ו אֶל לִבּ֗/וֹ וּ/מִכְשׁ֤וֹל עֲוֺנ/וֹ֙ יָשִׂים֙ נֹ֣כַח פָּנָ֔י/ו וּ/בָ֖א אֶל הַ/נָּבִ֑יא אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֗ה נַעֲנֵ֧יתִי ל֦/וֹ ב/ה בָ֖א בְּ/רֹ֥ב גִּלּוּלָֽי/ו
14:5 ut capiatur domus Israel in corde suo, quo recesserunt a me in cunctis idolis suis.
*H That the house of Israel may be caught in their own heart, with which they have departed from me through all their idols.
Ver. 5. The. Sept. "he may ensnare the house," (H.) or "to bring" unto repentance. Chal. C.
ὅπως πλαγιάσῃ τὸν οἶκον τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ κατὰ τὰς καρδίας αὐτῶν τὰς ἀπηλλοτριωμένας ἀπʼ ἐμοῦ ἐν τοῖς ἐνθυμήμασιν αὐτῶν.
לְמַ֛עַן תְּפֹ֥שׂ אֶת בֵּֽית יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בְּ/לִבָּ֑/ם אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָזֹ֨רוּ֙ מֵֽ/עָלַ֔/י בְּ/גִלּֽוּלֵי/הֶ֖ם כֻּלָּֽ/ם
14:6 Propterea dic ad domum Israel : Haec dicit Dominus Deus : Convertimini, et recedite ab idolis vestris, et ab universis contaminationibus vestris avertite facies vestras.
*H Therefore say to the house of Israel: Thus saith the Lord God: Be converted, and depart from your idols, and turn away your faces from all your abominations.
Ver. 6. Turn. Such people must first be admonished to relinquish idols, heresy, &c. that they may come to God. W.
Διατοῦτο εἰπὸν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ, τάδε λέγει Κύριος Κύριος, ἐπιστράφητε καὶ ἀποστρέψατε ἀπὸ τῶν ἐπιτηδευμάτων ὑμῶν, καὶ ἀπὸ πασῶν τῶν ἀσεβειῶν ὑμῶν, καὶ ἐπιστρέψατε τὰ πρόσωπα ὑμῶν.
לָ/כֵ֞ן אֱמֹ֣ר אֶל בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אֲדֹנָ֣/י יְהוִ֔ה שׁ֣וּבוּ וְ/הָשִׁ֔יבוּ מֵ/עַ֖ל גִּלּֽוּלֵי/כֶ֑ם וּ/מֵ/עַ֥ל כָּל תּוֹעֲבֹתֵי/כֶ֖ם הָשִׁ֥יבוּ פְנֵי/כֶֽם
14:7 Quia homo, homo de domo Israel, et de proselytis quicumque advena fuerit in Israel, si alienatus fuerit a me, et posuerit idola sua in corde suo, et scandalum iniquitatis suae statuerit contra faciem suam, et venerit ad prophetam ut interroget per eum me : ego Dominus respondebo ei per me :
*H For every man of the house of Israel, and every stranger among the proselytes in Israel, if he separate himself from me, and place his idols in his heart, and set the stumblingblock of his iniquity before his face, and come to the prophet to inquire of me by him: I the Lord will answer him by myself.
Ver. 7. By myself, or on my own account. God does not encourage falsehood. C.
Διότι ἄνθρωπος ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τοῦ οἴκου Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ ἐκ τῶν προσηλύτων τῶν προσηλυτευόντων ἐν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ, ὃς ἂν ἀπαλλοτριωθῇ ἀπʼ ἐμοῦ, καὶ θῆται τὰ ἐνθυμήματα αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὴν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὴν κόλασιν τῆς ἀδικίας αὐτοῦ τάξῃ πρὸ προσώπου αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔλθῃ πρὸς τὸν προφήτην τοῦ ἐπερωτῆσαι αὐτὸν ἐν ἐμοὶ, ἐγὼ Κύριος ἀποκριθήσομαι αὐτῷ, ἐν ᾧ ἐνέχεται ἐν αὐτῷ.
כִּי֩ אִ֨ישׁ אִ֜ישׁ מִ/בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וּ/מֵ/הַ/גֵּר֮ אֲשֶׁר יָג֣וּר בְּ/יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וְ/יִנָּזֵ֣ר מֵֽ/אַחֲרַ֗/י וְ/יַ֤עַל גִּלּוּלָי/ו֙ אֶל לִבּ֔/וֹ וּ/מִכְשׁ֣וֹל עֲוֺנ֔/וֹ יָשִׂ֖ים נֹ֣כַח פָּנָ֑י/ו וּ/בָ֤א אֶל הַ/נָּבִיא֙ לִ/דְרָשׁ ל֣/וֹ בִ֔/י אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֔ה נַֽעֲנֶה לּ֖/וֹ בִּֽ/י
14:8 et ponam faciem meam super hominem illum, et faciam eum in exemplum et in proverbium, et disperdam eum de medio populi mei : et scietis quia ego Dominus.
And I will set my face against that man, and will make him an example, and a proverb, and will cut him off from the midst of my people: and you shall know that I am the Lord.
Καὶ στηριῶ τὸ πρόσωπόν μου ἐπὶ τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἐκεῖνον, καὶ θήσομαι αὐτὸν εἰς ἔρημον καὶ εἰς ἀφανισμὸν, καὶ ἐξαρῶ αὐτὸν ἐκ μέσου τοῦ λαοῦ μου, καὶ ἐπιγνώσεσθε ὅτι ἐγὼ Κύριος.
וְ/נָתַתִּ֨י פָנַ֜/י בָּ/אִ֣ישׁ הַ/ה֗וּא וַ/הֲשִֽׂמֹתִ֨י/הוּ֙ לְ/א֣וֹת וְ/לִ/מְשָׁלִ֔ים וְ/הִכְרַתִּ֖י/ו מִ/תּ֣וֹךְ עַמִּ֑/י וִֽ/ידַעְתֶּ֖ם כִּֽי אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה
14:9 Et propheta cum erraverit, et locutus fuerit verbum, ego Dominus decepi prophetam illum, et extendam manum meam super illum, et delebo eum de medio populi mei Israel.
*H And when the prophet shall err, and speak a word: I the Lord have deceived that prophet: and I will stretch forth my hand upon him, and will cut him off from the midst of my people Israel.
Ver. 9. Err. He speaks of false prophets, answering out of their own heads, and according to their own corrupt inclinations. — Deceived, &c. God Almighty deceives false prophets, partly by withdrawing his light from them; and abandoning them to their own corrupt inclinations, which push them on to prophesy such things as are agreeable to those that consult them: and partly by disappointing them, and causing all things to happen contrary to what they have said. Ch. — God permits the deception, to punish both the impostor and his hearers. W. — Thus was Balaam treated. C. Num. xxii. H. — He could do nothing of himself. S. Jer. 2 K. xxii. 22. C. — Here also an interrogation might be used (H.) in Heb. "have I?" &c. Feiffer dub. cent. 4. b. lviii. — I have manifested the deceit. C. xiii. 18.
Καὶ ὁ προφήτης ἐὰν πλανήσῃ καὶ λαλήσῃ, ἐγὼ Κύριος πεπλάνηκα τὸν προφήτην ἐκεῖνον, καὶ ἐκτενῶ τὴν χεῖρά μου ἐπʼ αὐτὸν, καὶ ἀφανιῶ αὐτὸν ἐκ μέσου τοῦ λαοῦ μου Ἰσραήλ.
וְ/הַ/נָּבִ֤יא כִֽי יְפֻתֶּה֙ וְ/דִבֶּ֣ר דָּבָ֔ר אֲנִ֤י יְהוָה֙ פִּתֵּ֔יתִי אֵ֖ת הַ/נָּבִ֣יא הַ/ה֑וּא וְ/נָטִ֤יתִי אֶת יָדִ/י֙ עָלָ֔י/ו וְ/הִ֨שְׁמַדְתִּ֔י/ו מִ/תּ֖וֹךְ עַמִּ֥/י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל
14:10 Et portabunt iniquitatem suam : juxta iniquitatem interrogantis, sic iniquitas prophetae erit :
*H And they shall bear their iniquity: according to the iniquity of him that inquireth, so shall the iniquity of the prophet be.
Ver. 10. Be. They shall be punished alike. C.
Καὶ λήψονται τὴν ἀδικίαν αὐτῶν κατὰ τὸ ἀδίκημα τοῦ ἐπερωτῶντος, καὶ κατὰ τὸ ἀδίκημα ὁμοίως τῷ προφήτῃ ἔσται·
וְ/נָשְׂא֖וּ עֲוֺנָ֑/ם כַּֽ/עֲוֺן֙ הַ/דֹּרֵ֔שׁ כַּ/עֲוֺ֥ן הַ/נָּבִ֖יא יִֽהְיֶֽה
14:11 ut non erret ultra domus Israel a me, neque polluatur in universis praevaricationibus suis : sed sint mihi in populum, et ego sim eis in Deum, ait Dominus exercituum.
That the house of Israel may go no more astray from me, nor be polluted with all their transgressions: but may be my people, and I may be their God, saith the Lord of hosts.
Ὅπως μὴ πλανᾶται ἔτι ὁ οἶκος τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ ἀπʼ ἐμοῦ, καὶ ἵνα μὴ μιαίνωνται ἔτι ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς παραπτώμασιν αὐτῶν· καὶ ἔσονταί μοι εἰς λαὸν, καὶ ἐγὼ ἔσομαι αὐτοῖς εἰς Θεὸν, λέγει Κύριος.
לְ֠מַעַן לֹֽא יִתְע֨וּ ע֤וֹד בֵּֽית יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מֵ/אַֽחֲרַ֔/י וְ/לֹֽא יִטַּמְּא֥וּ ע֖וֹד בְּ/כָל פִּשְׁעֵי/הֶ֑ם וְ/הָ֥יוּ לִ֣/י לְ/עָ֗ם וַֽ/אֲנִי֙ אֶהְיֶ֤ה לָ/הֶם֙ לֵֽ/אלֹהִ֔ים נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥/י יְהוִֽה
14:12 Et factus est sermo Domini ad me, dicens :
And the word of the Lord came to me, saying:
Καὶ ἐγένετο λόγος Κυρίου πρὸς μὲ, λέγων,
וַ/יְהִ֥י דְבַר יְהוָ֖ה אֵלַ֥/י לֵ/אמֹֽר
14:13 [Fili hominis, terra cum peccaverit mihi, ut praevaricetur praevaricans, extendam manum meam super eam, et conteram virgam panis ejus, et immittam in eam famem, et interficiam de ea hominem et jumentum.
Son of man, when a land shall sin against me, so as to transgress grievously, I will stretch forth my hand upon it, and will break the staff of the bread thereof: and I will send famine upon it, and will destroy man and beast out of it.
υἱὲ ἀνθρώπου, γῆ ἣ ἐὰν ἁμάρτῃ μοι τοῦ παραπεσεῖν παράπτωμα, καὶ ἐκτενῶ τὴν χεῖρά μου ἐπʼ αὐτὴν, καὶ συντρίψω αὐτῆς στήριγμα ἄρτου, καὶ ἐξαποστελῶ ἐπʼ αὐτὴν λιμὸν, καὶ ἐξαρῶ ἐξ αὐτῆς ἄνθρωπον καὶ κτήνη.
בֶּן אָדָ֗ם אֶ֚רֶץ כִּ֤י תֶחֱטָא לִ/י֙ לִ/מְעָל מַ֔עַל וְ/נָטִ֤יתִי יָדִ/י֙ עָלֶ֔י/הָ וְ/שָׁבַ֥רְתִּי לָ֖/הּ מַטֵּה לָ֑חֶם וְ/הִשְׁלַחְתִּי בָ֣/הּ רָעָ֔ב וְ/הִכְרַתִּ֥י מִמֶּ֖/נָּה אָדָ֥ם וּ/בְהֵמָֽה
14:14 Et si fuerint tres viri isti in medio ejus, Noe, Daniel, et Job, ipsi justitia sua liberabunt animas suas, ait Dominus exercituum.
*H And if these three men, Noe, Daniel, and Job, shall be in it: they shall deliver their own souls by their justice, saith the Lord of hosts.
Ver. 14. Job. He and Noe were dead, yet undoubtedly interceded for the people, or their names would not here be mentioned. Jer. xv. 1. W. — When God is resolved to treat all with rigour, he will save only the just. They shall not be able to protect even their children. But Jerusalem shall not experience such severity. v. 21. C. — Noe could not avert the deluge, nor Job the death of his children, neither could Daniel rescue his people from captivity. S. Jer. — The first denotes pastors, the second fathers of families, and Daniel such as live continent. S. Aug. — All three had been very merciful. S. Chrys. hom. xliii. 1. in Gen. — Job is placed for holy laymen, and Daniel for people of religious orders. S. Greg. Mor. i. 13. W. — Hence perhaps Job is placed last, though cotemporary with Moses, as most people suppose. He is not therefore a fabulous personage. H.
Καὶ ἐὰν ὦσιν οἱ τρεῖς ἄνδρες οὗτοι ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῆς, Νῶε καὶ Δανιὴλ καὶ Ἰὼβ, αὐτοὶ ἐν τῇ δικαιοσύνῃ αὐτῶν σωθήσονται, λέγει Κύριος.
וְ֠/הָיוּ שְׁלֹ֨שֶׁת הָ/אֲנָשִׁ֤ים הָ/אֵ֨לֶּה֙ בְּ/תוֹכָ֔/הּ נֹ֖חַ דנאל דָּנִיֵּ֣אל וְ/אִיּ֑וֹב הֵ֤מָּה בְ/צִדְקָתָ/ם֙ יְנַצְּל֣וּ נַפְשָׁ֔/ם נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥/י יְהוִֽה
14:15 Quod si et bestias pessimas induxero super terram ut vastem eam, et fuerit invia, eo quod non sit pertransiens propter bestias :
And if I shall bring mischievous beasts also upon the land to waste it, and it be desolate, so that there is none that can pass because of the beasts:
Ἐὰν καὶ θηρία πονηρὰ ἐπάγω ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν, καὶ τιμωρήσομαι αὐτὴν, καὶ ἔσται εἰς ἀφανισμὸν, οὐκ ἔσται ὁ διοδεύων ἀπὸ προσώπου τῶν θηρίων,
לֽוּ חַיָּ֥ה רָעָ֛ה אַעֲבִ֥יר בָּ/אָ֖רֶץ וְ/שִׁכְּלָ֑תָּ/ה וְ/הָיְתָ֤ה שְׁמָמָה֙ מִ/בְּלִ֣י עוֹבֵ֔ר מִ/פְּנֵ֖י הַ/חַיָּֽה
14:16 tres viri isti si fuerint in ea, vivo ego, dicit Dominus Deus, quia nec filios nec filias liberabunt, sed ipsi soli liberabuntur, terra autem desolabitur.
If these three men shall be in it, as I live, saith the Lord, they shall deliver neither sons nor daughters: but they only shall be delivered, and the land shall be made desolate.
καὶ οἱ τρεῖς ἄνδρες οὗτοι ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῆς ὦσι, ζῶ ἐγὼ, λέγει Κύριος, εἰ υἱοὶ ἢ θυγατέρες σωθήσονται, ἀλλʼ ἢ αὐτοὶ μόνοι σωθήσονται, ἡ δὲ γῆ ἔσται εἰς ὄλεθρον.
שְׁלֹ֨שֶׁת הָ/אֲנָשִׁ֣ים הָ/אֵלֶּה֮ בְּ/תוֹכָ/הּ֒ חַי אָ֗נִי נְאֻם֙ אֲדֹנָ֣/י יְהוִ֔ה אִם בָּנִ֥ים וְ/אִם בָּנ֖וֹת יַצִּ֑ילוּ הֵ֤מָּה לְ/בַדָּ/ם֙ יִנָּצֵ֔לוּ וְ/הָ/אָ֖רֶץ תִּהְיֶ֥ה שְׁמָמָֽה
14:17 Vel si gladium induxero super terram illam, et dixero gladio : Transi per terram : et interfecero de ea hominem et jumentum,
Or if I bring the sword upon that land, and say to the sword: Pass through the land: and I destroy man and beast out of it:
Ἢ καὶ ῥομφαίαν ἐὰν ἐπάγω ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν ἐκείνην, καὶ εἴπω, ῥομφαία διελθάτω διὰ τῆς γῆς, καὶ ἐξαρῶ ἐξ αὐτῶν ἄνθρωπον καὶ κτῆνος,
א֛וֹ חֶ֥רֶב אָבִ֖יא עַל הָ/אָ֣רֶץ הַ/הִ֑יא וְ/אָמַרְתִּ֗י חֶ֚רֶב תַּעֲבֹ֣ר בָּ/אָ֔רֶץ וְ/הִכְרַתִּ֥י מִמֶּ֖/נָּה אָדָ֥ם וּ/בְהֵמָֽה
14:18 et tres viri isti fuerint in medio ejus : vivo ego, dicit Dominus Deus, non liberabunt filios neque filias, sed ipsi soli liberabuntur.
And these three men be in the midst thereof: as I live, saith the Lord God, they shall deliver neither sons nor daughters, but they themselves alone shall be delivered.
καὶ οἱ τρεῖς ἄνδρες οὗτοι ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῆς, ζῶ ἐγὼ, λέγει Κύριος, οὐ μὴ ῥύσονται υἱοὺς οὐδὲ θυγατέρας, ἀλλʼ ἢ αὐτοὶ μόνοι σωθήσονται.
וּ/שְׁלֹ֨שֶׁת הָ/אֲנָשִׁ֣ים הָ/אֵלֶּה֮ בְּ/תוֹכָ/הּ֒ חַי אָ֗נִי נְאֻם֙ אֲדֹנָ֣/י יְהוִ֔ה לֹ֥א יַצִּ֖ילוּ בָּנִ֣ים וּ/בָנ֑וֹת כִּ֛י הֵ֥ם לְ/בַדָּ֖/ם יִנָּצֵֽלוּ
14:19 Si autem et pestilentiam immisero super terram illam, et effudero indignationem meam super eam in sanguine, ut auferam ex ea hominem et jumentum,
*H Or if I also send the pestilence upon that land, and pour out my indignation upon it in blood, to cut off from it man and beast:
Ver. 19. Pestilence. Sept. "death," as v. 21. (C.) denoting the plague. C. v. 2. H.
Ἢ καὶ θάνατον ἐπαποστέλλω ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν ἐκείνην, καὶ ἐκχεῶ τὸν θυμόν μου ἐπʼ αὐτὴν ἐν αἵματι τοῦ ἐξολοθρεῦσαι ἐξ αὐτῆς ἄνθρωπον καὶ κτῆνος,
א֛וֹ דֶּ֥בֶר אֲשַׁלַּ֖ח אֶל הָ/אָ֣רֶץ הַ/הִ֑יא וְ/שָׁפַכְתִּ֨י חֲמָתִ֤/י עָלֶ֨י/הָ֙ בְּ/דָ֔ם לְ/הַכְרִ֥ית מִמֶּ֖/נָּה אָדָ֥ם וּ/בְהֵמָֽה
14:20 et Noe, et Daniel, et Job fuerint in medio ejus : vivo ego, dicit Dominus Deus, quia filium et filiam non liberabunt, sed ipsi justitia sua liberabunt animas suas.
And Noe, and Daniel, and Job be in the midst thereof: as I live, saith the Lord God, they shall deliver neither son nor daughter: but they shall only deliver their own souls by their justice.
καὶ Νῶε καὶ Δανιὴλ καὶ Ἰὼβ ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῆς, ζῶ ἐγὼ, λέγει Κύριος, ἐὰν υἱοὶ ἢ θυγατέρες ὑπολειφθῶσιν, αὐτοὶ ἐν τῇ δικαιοσύνῃ αὐτῶν ῥύσονται τὰς ψυχὰς αὐτῶν.
וְ/נֹ֨חַ דנאל דָּנִיֵּ֣אל וְ/אִיּוֹב֮ בְּ/תוֹכָ/הּ֒ חַי אָ֗נִי נְאֻם֙ אֲדֹנָ֣/י יְהוִ֔ה אִם בֵּ֥ן אִם בַּ֖ת יַצִּ֑ילוּ הֵ֥מָּה בְ/צִדְקָתָ֖/ם יַצִּ֥ילוּ נַפְשָֽׁ/ם
* Summa
*S Part 4,
Ques 19,
Article 4
[III, Q. 19, Art. 4]
Whether Christ Could Merit for Others?
Objection 1: It would seem that Christ could not merit for others. For it is written (Ezech. 18:4): "The soul that sinneth, the same shall die." Hence, for a like reason, the soul that meriteth, the same shall be recompensed. Therefore it is not possible that Christ merited for others.
Obj. 2: Further, of the fulness of Christ's grace we all receive, as is written John 1:16. Now other men having Christ's grace cannot merit for others. For it is written (Ezech. 14:20) that if "Noe and Daniel and Job be in the city [Vulg.: 'the midst thereof'] . . . they shall deliver neither son nor daughter; but they shall only deliver their own souls by their justice." Hence Christ could not merit anything for us.
Obj. 3: Further, the "reward" that we merit is due "according to justice [Vulg.: 'debt'] and not according to grace," as is clear from Rom. 4:4. Therefore if Christ merited our salvation it follows that our salvation is not by God's grace but by justice, and that He acts unjustly with those whom He does not save, since Christ's merit extends to all.
_On the contrary,_ It is written (Rom. 5:18): "As by the offense of one, unto all men to condemnation; so also by the justice of one, unto all men to justification of life." But Adam's demerits reached to the condemnation of others. Much more, therefore, does the merit of Christ reach others.
_I answer that,_ As stated above (Q. 8, AA. 1, 5), grace was in Christ not merely as in an individual, but also as in the Head of the whole Church, to Whom all are united, as members to a head, who constitute one mystical person. And hence it is that Christ's merit extends to others inasmuch as they are His members; even as in a man the action of the head reaches in a manner to all his members, since it perceives not merely for itself alone, but for all the members.
Reply Obj. 1: The sin of an individual harms himself alone; but the sin of Adam, who was appointed by God to be the principle of the whole nature, is transmitted to others by carnal propagation. So, too, the merit of Christ, Who has been appointed by God to be the head of all men in regard to grace, extends to all His members.
Reply Obj. 2: Others receive of Christ's fulness not indeed the fount of grace, but some particular grace. And hence it need not be that men merit for others, as Christ did.
Reply Obj. 3: As the sin of Adam reaches others only by carnal generation, so, too, the merit of Christ reaches others only by spiritual regeneration, which takes place in baptism; wherein we are incorporated with Christ, according to Gal. 3:27, "As many of you as have been baptized in Christ, have put on Christ"; and it is by grace that it is granted to man to be incorporated with Christ. And thus man's salvation is from grace. _______________________
14:21 Quoniam haec dicit Dominus Deus : Quod etsi quatuor judicia mea pessima, gladium, et famem, ac bestias malas, et pestilentiam, immisero in Jerusalem, ut interficiam de ea hominem et pecus,
For thus saith the Lord: Although I shall send in upon Jerusalem my four grievous judgments, the sword, and the famine, and the mischievous beasts, and the pestilence, to destroy out of it man and beast,
Τάδε λέγει Κύριος, ἐὰν δὲ καὶ τὰς τέσσαρας ἐκδικήσεις μου τὰς πονηρὰς, ῥομφαίαν, καὶ λιμὸν, καὶ θηρία πονηρὰ, καὶ θάνατον ἐξαποστείλω ἐπὶ Ἱερουσαλὴμ, τοῦ ἐξολοθρεῦσαι ἐξ αὐτῆς ἄνθρωπον καὶ κτῆνος·
כִּי֩ כֹ֨ה אָמַ֜ר אֲדֹנָ֣/י יְהֹוִ֗ה אַ֣ף כִּֽי אַרְבַּ֣עַת שְׁפָטַ֣/י הָ/רָעִ֡ים חֶ֠רֶב וְ/רָעָ֞ב וְ/חַיָּ֤ה רָעָה֙ וָ/דֶ֔בֶר שִׁלַּ֖חְתִּי אֶל יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם לְ/הַכְרִ֥ית מִמֶּ֖/נָּה אָדָ֥ם וּ/בְהֵמָֽה
14:22 tamen relinquetur in ea salvatio educentium filios et filias : ecce ipsi ingredientur ad vos, et videbitis viam eorum et adinventiones eorum, et consolabimini super malo quod induxi in Jerusalem, in omnibus quae importavi super eam.
*H Yet there shall be left in it some that shall be saved, who shall bring away their sons and daughters: behold they shall come among you, and you shall see their way, and their doings: and you shall be comforted concerning the evil that I have brought upon Jerusalem, in all things that I have brought upon it.
Ver. 22. Left. Pastors will always remain to instruct God's children. W. — Doings. Their words (C.) and conduct even in captivity, will evince that they have not been punished unjustly. S. Jer. — From them you may judge what sort of men their fathers were; or, as they have been spared for their virtue, you may conclude that the rest would not have perished, if they had been innocent. H.
Καὶ ἰδοὺ ὑπολελειμμένοι ἐν αὐτῇ, οἱ ἀνασεσωσμένοι αὐτῆς, οἳ ἐξάγουσιν ἐξ αὐτῆς υἱοὺς καὶ θυγατέρας, ἰδοὺ ἐκπορεύονται πρὸς ὑμᾶς, καὶ ὄψεσθε τὰς ὁδοὺς αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ ἐνθυμήματα αὐτῶν, καὶ μεταμεληθήσεσθε ἐπὶ τὰ κακὰ ἃ ἐπήγαγον ἐπὶ Ἱερουσαλὴμ, πάντα τὰ κακὰ ἃ ἐπήγαγον ἐπʼ αὐτήν.
וְ/הִנֵּ֨ה נֽוֹתְרָה בָּ֜/הּ פְּלֵטָ֗ה הַֽ/מּוּצָאִים֮ בָּנִ֣ים וּ/בָנוֹת֒ הִנָּ/ם֙ יוֹצְאִ֣ים אֲלֵי/כֶ֔ם וּ/רְאִיתֶ֥ם אֶת דַּרְכָּ֖/ם וְ/אֶת עֲלִֽילוֹתָ֑/ם וְ/נִחַמְתֶּ֗ם עַל הָֽ/רָעָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר הֵבֵ֨אתִי֙ עַל יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם אֵ֛ת כָּל אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֵבֵ֖אתִי עָלֶֽי/הָ
14:23 Et consolabuntur vos, cum videritis viam eorum et adinventiones eorum : et cognoscetis quod non frustra fecerim omnia quae feci in ea, ait Dominus Deus.]
And they shall comfort you, when you shall see their ways, and their doings: and you shall know that I have not done without cause all that I have done in it, saith the Lord God.
Καὶ παρακαλέσουσιν ὑμᾶς, διότι ὄψεσθε τὰς ὁδοὺς αὐτῶν καὶ τὰ ἐνθυμήματα αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐπιγνώσεσθε διότι οὐ μάτην πεποίηκα πάντα ὅσα ἐποίησα ἐν αὐτῇ, λέγει Κύριος.
וְ/נִחֲמ֣וּ אֶתְ/כֶ֔ם כִּֽי תִרְא֥וּ אֶת דַּרְכָּ֖/ם וְ/אֶת עֲלִֽילוֹתָ֑/ם וִֽ/ידַעְתֶּ֗ם כִּי֩ לֹ֨א חִנָּ֤ם עָשִׂ֨יתִי֙ אֵ֣ת כָּל אֲשֶׁר עָשִׂ֣יתִי בָ֔/הּ נְאֻ֖ם אֲדֹנָ֥/י יְהֹוִֽה